terminfo

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NAME

       terminfo - terminal capability data base


SYNOPSIS

       @TERMINFO@/*/*


DESCRIPTION

       Terminfo  is  a  data  base  describing terminals, used by
       screen-oriented programs  such  as  nvi(1),  rogue(1)  and
       libraries  such  as curses(3X).  Terminfo describes termi-
       nals by giving a set of capabilities which they  have,  by
       specifying how to perform screen operations, and by speci-
       fying padding requirements and initialization sequences.

       Entries in terminfo consist of a sequence of `,' separated
       fields  (embedded  commas may be escaped with a  backslash
       or notated as \072).  White space after the `,'  separator
       is  ignored.   The first entry for each terminal gives the
       names which are known for the terminal, separated  by  `|'
       characters.   The  first  name  given  is  the most common
       abbreviation for the terminal, the last name given  should
       be  a  long  name  fully identifying the terminal, and all
       others are understood as synonyms for the  terminal  name.
       All names but the last should be in lower case and contain
       no blanks; the last name may well contain upper  case  and
       blanks for readability.

       Terminal names (except for the last, verbose entry) should
       be chosen using the following conventions.  The particular
       piece  of  hardware  making  up the terminal should have a
       root name, thus ``hp2621''.  This name should not  contain
       hyphens.  Modes that the hardware can be in, or user pref-
       erences, should be indicated by appending a hyphen  and  a
       mode  suffix.   Thus,  a vt100 in 132 column mode would be
       vt100-w.  The following suffixes should be used where pos-
       sible:

      Suffix                  Meaning                   Example
      -nn      Number of lines on the screen            aaa-60
      -np      Number of pages of memory                c100-4p
      -am      With automargins (usually the default)   vt100-am
      -m       Mono mode; suppress color                ansi-m
      -mc      Magic cookie; spaces when highlighting   wy30-mc
      -na      No arrow keys (leave them in local)      c100-na
      -nam     Without automatic margins                vt100-nam
      -nl      No status line                           att4415-nl
      -ns      No status line                           hp2626-ns
      -rv      Reverse video                            c100-rv
      -s       Enable status line                       vt100-s
      -vb      Use visible bell instead of beep         wy370-vb
      -w       Wide mode (> 80 columns, usually 132)    vt100-w
       For  more  on terminal naming conventions, see the term(7)
       manual page.

   Capabilities
       The following is a  complete  table  of  the  capabilities
       included  in a terminfo description block and available to
       terminfo-using code.  In each line of the table,

       The variable is the name by which the programmer  (at  the
       terminfo level) accesses the capability.

       The  capname  is  the  short  name used in the text of the
       database, and is used by a person updating  the  database.
       Whenever  possible,  capnames are chosen to be the same as
       or similar to the ANSI X3.64-1979 standard.  Semantics are
       also intended to match those of the specification.

       The  termcap code is the old termcap capability name (some
       capabilities are new, and have names which termcap did not
       originate).

       Capability  names have no hard length limit, but an infor-
       mal limit of 5 characters has been adopted  to  keep  them
       short  and  to  allow  the tabs in the source file Caps to
       line up nicely.

       Finally, the description  field  attempts  to  convey  the
       semantics  of  the capability.  You may find some codes in
       the description field:

       (P)    indicates that padding may be specified

       #[1-9] in the description field indicates that the  string
              is passed through tparm with parms as given (#i).

       (P*)   indicates  that  padding  may vary in proportion to
              the number of lines affected

       (#i)   indicates the ith parameter.

               These are the boolean capabilities:

                   Variable           Cap-    Termcap    Description
                   Booleans           name     Code
           auto_left_margin           bw      bw        cub1    wraps
                                                        from column 0
                                                        to last  col-
                                                        umn
           auto_right_margin          am      am        terminal  has
                                                        automatic
                                                        margins
           no_esc_ctlc                xsb     xb        beehive
                                                        (f1=escape,
                                                        f2=ctrl C)



           ceol_standout_glitch       xhp     xs        standout  not
                                                        erased     by
                                                        overwriting
                                                        (hp)
           eat_newline_glitch         xenl    xn        newline
                                                        ignored after
                                                        80 cols (con-
                                                        cept)
           erase_overstrike           eo      eo        can     erase
                                                        overstrikes
                                                        with a blank
           generic_type               gn      gn        generic  line
                                                        type
           hard_copy                  hc      hc        hardcopy ter-
                                                        minal
           has_meta_key               km      km        Has   a  meta
                                                        key, sets msb
                                                        high
           has_status_line            hs      hs        has     extra
                                                        status line
           insert_null_glitch         in      in        insert   mode
                                                        distinguishes
                                                        nulls
           memory_above               da      da        display   may
                                                        be   retained
                                                        above     the
                                                        screen
           memory_below               db      db        display   may
                                                        be   retained
                                                        below     the
                                                        screen
           move_insert_mode           mir     mi        safe to  move
                                                        while      in
                                                        insert mode
           move_standout_mode         msgr    ms        safe to  move
                                                        while      in
                                                        standout mode
           over_strike                os      os        terminal  can
                                                        overstrike
           status_line_esc_ok         eslok   es        escape can be
                                                        used  on  the
                                                        status line
           dest_tabs_magic_smso       xt      xt        tabs destruc-
                                                        tive,   magic
                                                        so       char
                                                        (t1061)
           tilde_glitch               hz      hz        can't   print
                                                        ~'s   (hazel-
                                                        tine)
           transparent_underline      ul      ul        underline
                                                        character
                                                        overstrikes


           xon_xoff                   xon     xo        terminal uses
                                                        xon/xoff
                                                        handshaking
           needs_xon_xoff             nxon    nx        padding won't
                                                        work,
                                                        xon/xoff
                                                        required
           prtr_silent                mc5i    5i        printer won't
                                                        echo       on
                                                        screen
           hard_cursor                chts    HC        cursor     is
                                                        hard to see
           non_rev_rmcup              nrrmc   NR        smcup    does
                                                        not   reverse
                                                        rmcup
           no_pad_char                npc     NP        pad character
                                                        does      not
                                                        exist
           non_dest_scroll_region     ndscr   ND        scrolling
                                                        region     is
                                                        non-destruc-
                                                        tive
           can_change                 ccc     cc        terminal  can
                                                        re-define
                                                        existing col-
                                                        ors
           back_color_erase           bce     ut        screen erased
                                                        with    back-
                                                        ground color
           hue_lightness_saturation   hls     hl        terminal uses
                                                        only      HLS
                                                        color   nota-
                                                        tion    (tek-
                                                        tronix)
           col_addr_glitch            xhpa    YA        only positive
                                                        motion    for
                                                        hpa/mhpa caps
           cr_cancels_micro_mode      crxm    YB        using      cr
                                                        turns     off
                                                        micro mode
           has_print_wheel            daisy   YC        printer needs
                                                        operator   to
                                                        change  char-
                                                        acter set
           row_addr_glitch            xvpa    YD        only positive
                                                        motion    for
                                                        vpa/mvpa caps
           semi_auto_right_margin     sam     YE        printing   in
                                                        last   column
                                                        causes cr




           cpi_changes_res            cpix    YF        changing
                                                        character
                                                        pitch changes
                                                        resolution
           lpi_changes_res            lpix    YG        changing line
                                                        pitch changes
                                                        resolution

              This  capability  is  described as a boolean in the
              XSI  Curses  standard,  but  is  an  (undocumented)
              string capability in SVr4.

                   Variable       Cap-   Termcap    Description
                   Booleans       name    Code
               get_mouse          getm   Gm        Curses should
                                                   get    button
                                                   events

              These are the numeric capabilities:

                  Variable          Cap-    Termcap    Description
                   Numeric          name     Code
             columns               cols     co        number     of
                                                      columns    in
                                                      aline
             init_tabs             it       it        tabs     ini-
                                                      tially  every
                                                      # spaces
             lines                 lines    li        number     of
                                                      lines      on
                                                      screen     or
                                                      page
             lines_of_memory       lm       lm        lines of mem-
                                                      ory    if   >
                                                      line.  0   =>
                                                      varies
             magic_cookie_glitch   xmc      sg        number     of
                                                      blank   chars
                                                      left  by smso
                                                      or rmso
             padding_baud_rate     pb       pb        lowest   baud
                                                      rate    where
                                                      padding
                                                      needed
             virtual_terminal      vt       vt        virtual  ter-
                                                      minal  number
                                                      (CB/unix)
             width_status_line     wsl      ws        columns    in
                                                      status line
             num_labels            nlab     Nl        number     of
                                                      labels     on
                                                      screen


             label_height          lh       lh        rows in  each
                                                      label
             label_width           lw       lw        columns    in
                                                      each label
             max_attributes        ma       ma        maximum  com-
                                                      bined
                                                      attributes
                                                      terminal  can
                                                      handle
             maximum_windows       wnum     MW        maxumum  num-
                                                      ber        of
                                                      defineable
                                                      windows
             max_colors            colors   Co        maximum  num-
                                                      bers of  col-
                                                      ors on screen
             max_pairs             pairs    pa        maximum  num-
                                                      ber of color-
                                                      pairs on  the
                                                      screen
             no_color_video        ncv      NC        video
                                                      attributes
                                                      that can't be
                                                      used     with
                                                      colors

              The  following  numeric capabilities are present in
              the SVr4.0 term structure, but are  not  yet  docu-
              mented  in  the man page.  They came in with SVr4's
              printer support.

                Variable          Cap-    Termcap      Description
                Numeric           name     Code
          buffer_capacity        bufsz    Ya        numbers    of
                                                    bytes
                                                    buffered
                                                    before print-
                                                    ing
          dot_vert_spacing       spinv    Yb        spacing    of
                                                    pins   verti-
                                                    cally in pins
                                                    per inch
          dot_horz_spacing       spinh    Yc        spacing    of
                                                    dots horizon-
                                                    tally in dots
                                                    per inch
          max_micro_address      maddr    Yd        maximum value
                                                    in
                                                    micro_..._address
          max_micro_jump         mjump    Ye        maximum  value in
                                                    parm_..._micro



          micro_char_size        mcs      Yf        character    size
                                                    when   in   micro
                                                    mode
          micro_line_size        mls      Yg        line size when in
                                                    micro mode
          number_of_pins         npins    Yh        numbers  of  pins
                                                    in print-head
          output_res_char        orc      Yi        horizontal  reso-
                                                    lution  in  units
                                                    per line
          output_res_line        orl      Yj        vertical  resolu-
                                                    tion in units per
                                                    line
          output_res_horz_inch   orhi     Yk        horizontal  reso-
                                                    lution  in  units
                                                    per inch
          output_res_vert_inch   orvi     Yl        vertical  resolu-
                                                    tion in units per
                                                    inch
          print_rate             cps      Ym        print   rate   in
                                                    chars per second
          wide_char_size         widcs    Yn        character    step
                                                    size when in dou-
                                                    ble wide mode
          buttons                btns     BT        number of buttons
                                                    on mouse
          bit_image_entwining    bitwin   Yo        number of  passed
                                                    for   each   bit-
                                                    image row
          bit_image_type         bitype   Yp        type of bit-image
                                                    device

              These are the string capabilities:

             Variable              Cap-        Termcap        Description
              String               name         Code
    back_tab                      cbt       bt              back tab (P)
    bell                          bel       bl              audible  sig-
                                                            nal    (bell)
                                                            (P)
    carriage_return               cr        cr              carriage
                                                            return   (P*)
                                                            (P*)
    change_scroll_region          csr       cs              change region
                                                            to line #1 to
                                                            line  #2  (P)
                                                            (P)
    clear_all_tabs                tbc       ct              clear all tab
                                                            stops (P)
    clear_screen                  clear     cl              clear  screen
                                                            and home cur-
                                                            sor (P*)


    column_address                hpa       ch              horizontal
                                                            position  #1,
                                                            absolute (P)
    command_character             cmdch     CC              terminal set-
                                                            table     cmd
                                                            character  in
                                                            prototype  !?
    cursor_address                cup       cm              move  to  row
                                                            #1 columns #2
    cursor_down                   cud1      do              down one line
    cursor_home                   home      ho              home   cursor
                                                            (if no cup)
    cursor_invisible              civis     vi              make   cursor
                                                            invisible
    cursor_left                   cub1      le              move left one
                                                            space
    cursor_mem_address            mrcup     CM              memory  rela-
                                                            tive   cursor
                                                            addressing
    cursor_normal                 cnorm     ve              make   cursor
                                                            appear normal
                                                            (undo
                                                            civis/cvvis)
    cursor_right                  cuf1      nd              move    right
                                                            one space
    cursor_to_ll                  ll        ll              last    line,
                                                            first  column
                                                            (if no cup)
    cursor_up                     cuu1      up              up one line
    cursor_visible                cvvis     vs              make   cursor
                                                            very visible
    delete_character              dch1      dc              delete  char-
                                                            acter (P*)
    delete_line                   dl1       dl              delete   line
                                                            (P*)
    dis_status_line               dsl       ds              disable  sta-
                                                            tus line
    down_half_line                hd        hd              half  a  line
                                                            down
    enter_alt_charset_mode        smacs     as              start  alter-
                                                            nate  charac-
                                                            ter set (P)
    enter_blink_mode              blink     mb              turn       on
                                                            blinking
    enter_bold_mode               bold      md              turn  on bold
                                                            (extra
                                                            bright) mode
    enter_ca_mode                 smcup     ti              string     to
                                                            start    pro-
                                                            grams   using
                                                            cup
    enter_delete_mode             smdc      dm              enter  delete
                                                            mode

    enter_dim_mode                dim       mh              turn on half-
                                                            bright mode
    enter_insert_mode             smir      im              enter  insert
                                                            mode
    enter_secure_mode             invis     mk              turn on blank
                                                            mode (charac-
                                                            ters  invisi-
                                                            ble)
    enter_protected_mode          prot      mp              turn on  pro-
                                                            tected mode
    enter_reverse_mode            rev       mr              turn       on
                                                            reverse video
                                                            mode
    enter_standout_mode           smso      so              begin  stand-
                                                            out mode
    enter_underline_mode          smul      us              begin  under-
                                                            line mode
    erase_chars                   ech       ec              erase      #1
                                                            characters
                                                            (P)
    exit_alt_charset_mode         rmacs     ae              end alternate
                                                            character set
                                                            (P)
    exit_attribute_mode           sgr0      me              turn  off all
                                                            attributes
    exit_ca_mode                  rmcup     te              strings    to
                                                            end  programs
                                                            using cup
    exit_delete_mode              rmdc      ed              end    delete
                                                            mode
    exit_insert_mode              rmir      ei              exit   insert
                                                            mode
    exit_standout_mode            rmso      se              exit standout
                                                            mode
    exit_underline_mode           rmul      ue              exit   under-
                                                            line mode
    flash_screen                  flash     vb              visible  bell
                                                            (may not move
                                                            cursor)
    form_feed                     ff        ff              hardcopy ter-
                                                            minal    page
                                                            eject (P*)
    from_status_line              fsl       fs              return   from
                                                            status line
    init_1string                  is1       i1              initializa-
                                                            tion string
    init_2string                  is2       is              initializa-
                                                            tion string
    init_3string                  is3       i3              initializa-
                                                            tion string
    init_file                     if        if              name of  ini-
                                                            tialization
                                                            file

    insert_character              ich1      ic              insert  char-
                                                            acter (P)
    insert_line                   il1       al              insert   line
                                                            (P*)
    insert_padding                ip        ip              insert
                                                            padding after
                                                            inserted
                                                            character
    key_backspace                 kbs       kb              backspace key
    key_catab                     ktbc      ka              clear-all-
                                                            tabs key
    key_clear                     kclr      kC              clear-screen
                                                            or erase key
    key_ctab                      kctab     kt              clear-tab key
    key_dc                        kdch1     kD              delete-char-
                                                            acter key
    key_dl                        kdl1      kL              delete-line
                                                            key
    key_down                      kcud1     kd              down-arrow
                                                            key
    key_eic                       krmir     kM              sent by  rmir
                                                            or   smir  in
                                                            insert mode
    key_eol                       kel       kE              clear-to-end-
                                                            of-line key
    key_eos                       ked       kS              clear-to-end-
                                                            of-screen key
    key_f0                        kf0       k0              F0   function
                                                            key
    key_f1                        kf1       k1              F1   function
                                                            key
    key_f10                       kf10      k;              F10  function
                                                            key
    key_f2                        kf2       k2              F2   function
                                                            key
    key_f3                        kf3       k3              F3   function
                                                            key
    key_f4                        kf4       k4              F4   function
                                                            key
    key_f5                        kf5       k5              F5   function
                                                            key
    key_f6                        kf6       k6              F6   function
                                                            key
    key_f7                        kf7       k7              F7   function
                                                            key
    key_f8                        kf8       k8              F8   fucntion
                                                            key
    key_f9                        kf9       k9              F9   function
                                                            key
    key_home                      khome     kh              home key
    key_ic                        kich1     kI              insert-char-
                                                            acter key


    key_il                        kil1      kA              insert-line
                                                            key
    key_left                      kcub1     kl              left-arrow
                                                            key
    key_ll                        kll       kH              last-line key
    key_npage                     knp       kN              next-page key
    key_ppage                     kpp       kP              prev-page key
    key_right                     kcuf1     kr              right-arrow
                                                            key
    key_sf                        kind      kF              scroll-for-
                                                            ward key
    key_sr                        kri       kR              scroll-back-
                                                            ward key
    key_stab                      khts      kT              set-tab key
    key_up                        kcuu1     ku              up-arrow key
    keypad_local                  rmkx      ke              leave   'key-
                                                            board_trans-
                                                            mit' mode
    keypad_xmit                   smkx      ks              enter   'key-
                                                            board_trans-
                                                            mit' mode
    lab_f0                        lf0       l0              label      on
                                                            function  key
                                                            f0 if not f0
    lab_f1                        lf1       l1              label      on
                                                            function  key
                                                            f1 if not f1
    lab_f10                       lf10      la              label      on
                                                            function  key
                                                            f10   if  not
                                                            f10
    lab_f2                        lf2       l2              label      on
                                                            function  key
                                                            f2 if not f2
    lab_f3                        lf3       l3              label      on
                                                            function  key
                                                            f3 if not f3
    lab_f4                        lf4       l4              label      on
                                                            function  key
                                                            f4 if not f4
    lab_f5                        lf5       l5              lable      on
                                                            function  key
                                                            f5 if not f5
    lab_f6                        lf6       l6              label      on
                                                            function  key
                                                            f6 if not f6
    lab_f7                        lf7       l7              label      on
                                                            function  key
                                                            f7 if not f7
    lab_f8                        lf8       l8              label      on
                                                            function  key
                                                            f8 if not f8


    lab_f9                        lf9       l9              label      on
                                                            function  key
                                                            f9 if not f9
    meta_off                      rmm       mo              turn off meta
                                                            mode
    meta_on                       smm       mm              turn  on meta
                                                            mode (8th-bit
                                                            on)
    newline                       nel       nw              newline
                                                            (behave  like
                                                            cr   followed
                                                            by lf)
    pad_char                      pad       pc              padding  char
                                                            (instead   of
                                                            null)
    parm_dch                      dch       DC              delete     #1
                                                            chars (P*)
    parm_delete_line              dl        DL              delete     #1
                                                            lines (P*)
    parm_down_cursor              cud       DO              down #1 lines
                                                            (P*)
    parm_ich                      ich       IC              insert     #1
                                                            chars (P*)
    parm_index                    indn      SF              scroll   for-
                                                            ward #1 lines
                                                            (P)
    parm_insert_line              il        AL              insert     #1
                                                            lines (P*)
    parm_left_cursor              cub       LE              move #1 chars
                                                            to  the  left
                                                            (P)
    parm_right_cursor             cuf       RI              move #1 chars
                                                            to the  right
                                                            (P*)
    parm_rindex                   rin       SR              scroll   back
                                                            #1 lines (P)
    parm_up_cursor                cuu       UP              up  #1  lines
                                                            (P*)
    pkey_key                      pfkey     pk              program func-
                                                            tion  key  #1
                                                            to       type
                                                            string #2
    pkey_local                    pfloc     pl              program func-
                                                            tion  key  #1
                                                            to    execute
                                                            string #2
    pkey_xmit                     pfx       px              program func-
                                                            tion  key  #1
                                                            to   transmit
                                                            string #2
    print_screen                  mc0       ps              print    con-
                                                            tents      of
                                                            screen

    prtr_off                      mc4       pf              turn      off
                                                            printer
    prtr_on                       mc5       po              turn       on
                                                            printer
    repeat_char                   rep       rp              repeat   char
                                                            #1  #2  times
                                                            (P*)
    reset_1string                 rs1       r1              reset string
    reset_2string                 rs2       r2              reset string
    reset_3string                 rs3       r3              reset string
    reset_file                    rf        rf              name of reset
                                                            file
    restore_cursor                rc        rc              restore  cur-
                                                            sor  to  last
                                                            position   of
                                                            sc
    row_address                   vpa       cv              vertical
                                                            position   #1
                                                            absolute (P)
    save_cursor                   sc        sc              save  current
                                                            cursor  posi-
                                                            tion (P)
    scroll_forward                ind       sf              scroll   text
                                                            up (P)
    scroll_reverse                ri        sr              scroll   text
                                                            down (P)
    set_attributes                sgr       sa              define  video
                                                            attributes
                                                            #1-#9 (PG9)
    set_tab                 hts   st        set a tab  in
                                            every    row,
                                            current
                                            columns
    set_window                    wind      wi              current  win-
                                                            dow is  lines
                                                            #1-#2    cols
                                                            #3-#4
    tab                           ht        ta              tab  to  next
                                                            8-space hard-
                                                            ware tab stop
    to_status_line                tsl       ts              move  to sta-
                                                            tus line
    underline_char                uc        uc              underline
                                                            char and move
                                                            past it
    up_half_line                  hu        hu              half  a  line
                                                            up
    init_prog                     iprog     iP              path  name of
                                                            program   for
                                                            initializa-
                                                            tion
    key_a1                        ka1       K1              upper left of
                                                            keypad

    key_a3                        ka3       K3              upper   right
                                                            of keypad
    key_b2                        kb2       K2              center     of
                                                            keypad
    key_c1                        kc1       K4              lower left of
                                                            keypad
    key_c3                        kc3       K5              lower   right
                                                            of keypad
    prtr_non                      mc5p      pO              turn       on
                                                            printer   for
                                                            #1 bytes
    char_padding                  rmp       rP              like  ip  but
                                                            when       in
                                                            insert mode
    acs_chars                     acsc      ac              graphics
                                                            charset pairs
                                                            - def=vt100
    plab_norm                     pln       pn              program label
                                                            #1  to   show
                                                            string #2
    key_btab                      kcbt      kB              back-tab key
    enter_xon_mode                smxon     SX              turn       on
                                                            xon/xoff
                                                            handshaking
    exit_xon_mode                 rmxon     RX              turn      off
                                                            xon/xoff
                                                            handshaking
    enter_am_mode                 smam      SA              turn on auto-
                                                            matic margins
    exit_am_mode                  rmam      RA              turn      off
                                                            automatic
                                                            margins
    xon_character                 xonc      XN              XON character
    xoff_character                xoffc     XF              XOFF  charac-
                                                            ter
    ena_acs                       enacs     eA              enable alter-
                                                            nate char set
    label_on                      smln      LO              turn  on soft
                                                            labels
    label_off                     rmln      LF              turn off soft
                                                            labels
    key_beg                       kbeg      @1              begin key
    key_cancel                    kcan      @2              cancel key
    key_close                     kclo      @3              close key
    key_command                   kcmd      @4              command key
    key_copy                      kcpy      @5              copy key
    key_create                    kcrt      @6              create key
    key_end                       kend      @7              end key
    key_enter                     kent      @8              enter/send
                                                            key
    key_exit                      kext      @9              exit key
    key_find                      kfnd      @0              find key
    key_help                      khlp      %1              help key

    key_mark                      kmrk      %2              mark key
    key_message                   kmsg      %3              message key
    key_move                      kmov      %4              move key
    key_next                      knxt      %5              next key
    key_open                      kopn      %6              open key
    key_options                   kopt      %7              options key
    key_previous                  kprv      %8              previous key
    key_print                     kprt      %9              print key
    key_redo                      krdo      %0              redo key
    key_reference                 kref      &1              reference key
    key_refresh                   krfr      &2              refresh key
    key_replace                   krpl      &3              replace key
    key_restart                   krst      &4              restart key
    key_resume                    kres      &5              resume key
    key_save                      ksav      &6              save key
    key_suspend                   kspd      &7              suspend key
    key_undo                      kund      &8              undo key
    key_sbeg                      kBEG      &9              shifted key
    key_scancel                   kCAN      &0              shifted key
    key_scommand                  kCMD      *1              shifted key
    key_scopy                     kCPY      *2              shifted key
    key_screate                   kCRT      *3              shifted key
    key_sdc                       kDC       *4              shifted key
    key_sdl                       kDL       *5              shifted key
    key_select                    kslt      *6              select key
    key_send                      kEND      *7              shifted key
    key_seol                      kEOL      *8              shifted key
    key_sexit                     kEXT      *9              shifted key
    key_sfind                     kFND      *0              shifted key
    key_shelp                     kHLP      #1              shifted key
    key_shome                     kHOM      #2              shifted key
    key_sic                       kIC       #3              shifted key
    key_sleft                     kLFT      #4              shifted key
    key_smessage                  kMSG      %a              shifted key
    key_smove                     kMOV      %b              shifted key
    key_snext                     kNXT      %c              shifted key
    key_soptions                  kOPT      %d              shifted key
    key_sprevious                 kPRV      %e              shifted key
    key_sprint                    kPRT      %f              shifted key
    key_sredo                     kRDO      %g              shifted key
    key_sreplace                  kRPL      %h              shifted key
    key_sright                    kRIT      %i              shifted key
    key_srsume                    kRES      %j              shifted key
    key_ssave                     kSAV      !1              shifted key
    key_ssuspend                  kSPD      !2              shifted key
    key_sundo                     kUND      !3              shifted key
    req_for_input                 rfi       RF              send     next
                                                            input    char
                                                            (for ptys)
    key_f12                       kf12      F2              F12  function
                                                            key
    key_f13                       kf13      F3              F13  function
                                                            key

    key_f14                       kf14      F4              F14  function
                                                            key
    key_f15                       kf15      F5              F15  function
                                                            key
    key_f16                       kf16      F6              F16  function
                                                            key
    key_f17                       kf17      F7              F17  function
                                                            key
    key_f18                       kf18      F8              F18  function
                                                            key
    key_f19                       kf19      F9              F19  function
                                                            key
    key_f20                       kf20      FA              F20  function
                                                            key
    key_f21                       kf21      FB              F21  function
                                                            key
    key_f22                       kf22      FC              F22  function
                                                            key
    key_f23                       kf23      FD              F23  function
                                                            key
    key_f24                       kf24      FE              F24  function
                                                            key
    key_f25                       kf25      FF              F25  function
                                                            key
    key_f26                       kf26      FG              F26  function
                                                            key
    key_f27                       kf27      FH              F27  function
                                                            key
    key_f28                       kf28      FI              F28  function
                                                            key
    key_f29                       kf29      FJ              F29  function
                                                            key
    key_f30                       kf30      FK              F30  function
                                                            key
    key_f31                       kf31      FL              F31  function
                                                            key
    key_f32                       kf32      FM              F32  function
                                                            key
    key_f33                       kf33      FN              F33  function
                                                            key
    key_f34                       kf34      FO              F34  function
                                                            key
    key_f35                       kf35      FP              F35  function
                                                            key
    key_f36                       kf36      FQ              F36  function
                                                            key
    key_f37                       kf37      FR              F37  function
                                                            key
    key_f38                       kf38      FS              F38  function
                                                            key
    key_f39                       kf39      FT              F39  function
                                                            key


    key_f40                       kf40      FU              F40  function
                                                            key
    key_f41                       kf41      FV              F41  function
                                                            key
    key_f42                       kf42      FW              F42  function
                                                            key
    key_f43                       kf43      FX              F43  function
                                                            key
    key_f44                       kf44      FY              F44  function
                                                            key
    key_f45                       kf45      FZ              F45  function
                                                            key
    key_f46                       kf46      Fa              F46  function
                                                            key
    key_f47                       kf47      Fb              F47  function
                                                            key
    key_f48                       kf48      Fc              F48  function
                                                            key
    key_f49                       kf49      Fd              F49  function
                                                            key
    key_f50                       kf50      Fe              F50  function
                                                            key
    key_f51                       kf51      Ff              F51  function
                                                            key
    key_f52                       kf52      Fg              F52  function
                                                            key
    key_f53                       kf53      Fh              F53  function
                                                            key
    key_f54                       kf54      Fi              F54  function
                                                            key
    key_f55                       kf55      Fj              F55  function
                                                            key
    key_f56                       kf56      Fk              F56  function
                                                            key
    key_f57                       kf57      Fl              F57  function
                                                            key
    key_f58                       kf58      Fm              F58  function
                                                            key
    key_f59                       kf59      Fn              F59  function
                                                            key
    key_f60                       kf60      Fo              F60  function
                                                            key
    key_f61                       kf61      Fp              F61  function
                                                            key
    key_f62                       kf62      Fq              F62  function
                                                            key
    key_f63                       kf63      Fr              F63  function
                                                            key
    clr_bol                       el1       cb              Clear      to
                                                            beginning  of
                                                            line



    clear_margins                 mgc       MC              clear   right
                                                            and left soft
                                                            margins
    set_left_margin               smgl      ML              set left soft
                                                            margin
    set_right_margin              smgr      MR              set     right
                                                            soft margin
    label_format                  fln       Lf              label format
    set_clock                     sclk      SC              set clock, #1
                                                            hrs  #2  mins
                                                            #3 secs
    display_clock                 dclk      DK              display clock
                                                            at (#1,#2)
    remove_clock                  rmclk     RC              remove clock
    create_window                 cwin      CW              define a win-
                                                            dow  #1  from
                                                            #2, #3 to #4,
                                                            #5
    goto_window                   wingo     WG              go  to window
                                                            #1
    hangup                        hup       HU              hang-up phone
    dial_phone                    dial      DI              dial   number
                                                            #1
    quick_dial                    qdial     QD              dial   number
                                                            #1    without
                                                            checking
    tone                          tone      TO              select  touch
                                                            tone dialing
    pulse                         pulse     PU              select  pulse
                                                            dialling
    flash_hook                    hook      fh              flash  switch
                                                            hook
    fixed_pause                   pause     PA              pause for 2-3
                                                            seconds
    wait_tone                     wait      WA              wait      for
                                                            dial-tone
    user0                         u0        u0              User   string
                                                            #0
    user1                         u1        u1              User   string
                                                            #1
    user2                         u2        u2              User   string
                                                            #2
    user3                         u3        u3              User   string
                                                            #3
    user4                         u4        u4              User   string
                                                            #4
    user5                         u5        u5              User   string
                                                            #5
    user6                         u6        u6              User   string
                                                            #6
    user7                         u7        u7              User   string
                                                            #7


    user8                         u8        u8              User   string
                                                            #8
    user9                         u9        u9              User   string
                                                            #9
    orig_pair                     op        op              Set   default
                                                            pair  to  its
                                                            original
                                                            value
    orig_colors                   oc        oc              Set all color
                                                            pairs  to the
                                                            original ones
    initialize_color              initc     Ic              initialize
                                                            color  #1  to
                                                            (#2,#3,#4)
    initialize_pair               initp     Ip              Initialize
                                                            color pair #1
                                                            to
                                                            fg=(#2,#3,#4),
                                                            bg=(#5,#6,#7)
    set_color_pair                scp       sp              Set    current
                                                            color  pair to
                                                            #1
    set_foreground                setf      Sf              Set foreground
                                                            color #1
    set_background                setb      Sb              Set background
                                                            color #1
    change_char_pitch             cpi       ZA              Change  number
                                                            of  characters
                                                            per inch
    change_line_pitch             lpi       ZB              Change  number
                                                            of  lines  per
                                                            inch
    change_res_horz               chr       ZC              Change   hori-
                                                            zontal resolu-
                                                            tion
    change_res_vert               cvr       ZD              Change  verti-
                                                            cal resolution
    define_char                   defc      ZE              Define a char-
                                                            acter
    enter_doublewide_mode         swidm     ZF              Enter  double-
                                                            wide mode
    enter_draft_quality           sdrfq     ZG              Enter   draft-
                                                            quality mode
    enter_italics_mode            sitm      ZH              Enter   italic
                                                            mode
    enter_leftward_mode           slm       ZI              Start leftward
                                                            carriage
                                                            motion
    enter_micro_mode              smicm     ZJ              Start   micro-
                                                            motion mode
    enter_near_letter_quality     snlq      ZK              Enter NLQ mode
    enter_normal_quality          snrmq     ZL              Wnter  normal-
                                                            quality mode

    enter_shadow_mode             sshm      ZM              Enter  shadow-
                                                            print mode
    enter_subscript_mode          ssubm     ZN              Enter     sub-
                                                            script mode
    enter_superscript_mode        ssupm     ZO              Enter   super-
                                                            script mode
    enter_upward_mode             sum       ZP              Start   upward
                                                            carriage
                                                            motion
    exit_doublewide_mode          rwidm     ZQ              End    double-
                                                            wide mode
    exit_italics_mode             ritm      ZR              End     italic
                                                            mode
    exit_leftward_mode            rlm       ZS              End      left-
                                                            motion mode
    exit_micro_mode               rmicm     ZT              End     micro-
                                                            motion mode
    exit_shadow_mode              rshm      ZU              End    shadow-
                                                            print mode
    exit_subscript_mode           rsubm     ZV              End  subscript
                                                            mode
    exit_superscript_mode         rsupm     ZW              End     super-
                                                            script mode
    exit_upward_mode              rum       ZX              End    reverse
                                                            character
                                                            motion
    micro_column_address          mhpa      ZY              Like      col-
                                                            umn_address in
                                                            micro mode
    micro_down                    mcud1     ZZ              Like      cur-
                                                            sor_down    in
                                                            micro mode
    micro_left                    mcub1     Za              Like      cur-
                                                            sor_left    in
                                                            micro mode
    micro_right                   mcuf1     Zb              Like      cur-
                                                            sor_right   in
                                                            micro mode
    micro_row_address             mvpa      Zc              Like
                                                            row_address in
                                                            micro mode
    micro_up                      mcuu1     Zd              Like cursor_up
                                                            in micro mode
    order_of_pins                 porder    Ze              Match software
                                                            bits to print-
                                                            head pins
    parm_down_micro               mcud      Zf              Like
                                                            parm_down_cur-
                                                            sor  in  micro
                                                            mode




    parm_left_micro               mcub      Zg              Like
                                                            parm_left_cur-
                                                            sor  in  micro
                                                            mode
    parm_right_micro              mcuf      Zh              Like
                                                            parm_right_cur-
                                                            sor  in  micro
                                                            mode
    parm_up_micro                 mcuu      Zi              Like
                                                            parm_up_cursor
                                                            in micro mode
    select_char_set               scs       Zj              Select  charac-
                                                            ter set
    set_bottom_margin             smgb      Zk              Set bottom mar-
                                                            gin  at current
                                                            line
    set_bottom_margin_parm        smgbp     Zl              Set bottom mar-
                                                            gin  at line #1
                                                            or   #2   lines
                                                            from bottom
    set_left_margin_parm          smglp     Zm              Set        left
                                                            (right)  margin
                                                            at   column  #1
                                                            (#2)
    set_right_margin_parm         smgrp     Zn              Set right  mar-
                                                            gin  at  column
                                                            #1
    set_top_margin                smgt      Zo              Set top  margin
                                                            at current line
    set_top_margin_parm           smgtp     Zp              Set  top  (bot-
                                                            tom)  margin at
                                                            row #1 (#2)
    start_bit_image               sbim      Zq              Start  printing
                                                            bit       image
                                                            braphics
    start_char_set_def            scsd      Zr              Start character
                                                            set definition
    stop_bit_image                rbim      Zs              Stop   printing
                                                            bit       image
                                                            graphics
    stop_char_set_def             rcsd      Zt              End  definition
                                                            of    character
                                                            aet
    subscript_characters          subcs     Zu              List   of  sub-
                                                            scriptable
                                                            characters
    superscript_characters        supcs     Zv              List  of super-
                                                            scriptable
                                                            characters
    these_cause_cr                docr      Zw              Printing any of
                                                            these     chars
                                                            causes CR


    zero_motion                   zerom     Zx              No  motion  for
                                                            subsequent
                                                            character

              The  following  string  capabilities are present in
              the SVr4.0 term structure, but are  not  documented
              in the man page.

                 Variable              Cap-     Termcap    Description
                  String               name      Code
         char_set_names              csnm       Zy        List of char-
                                                          acter     set
                                                          names
         key_mouse                   kmous      Km        Mouse   event
                                                          has occurred
         mouse_info                  minfo      Mi        Mouse  status
                                                          information
         req_mouse_pos               reqmp      RQ        Request mouse
                                                          position
         get_mouse                   getm       Gm        Curses should
                                                          get    button
                                                          events
         set_a_foreground            setaf      AF        Set      ANSI
                                                          foreground
                                                          color
         set_a_background            setab      AB        Set      ANSI
                                                          background
                                                          color
         pkey_plab                   pfxl       xl        Program func-
                                                          tion  key  #1
                                                          to       type
                                                          string #2 and
                                                          show   string
                                                          #3
         device_type                 devt       dv        Indicate lan-
                                                          guage/codeset
                                                          support
         code_set_init               csin       ci        Init sequence
                                                          for  multiple
                                                          codesets
         set0_des_seq                s0ds       s0        Shift to code
                                                          set  0   (EUC
                                                          set 0, ASCII)
         set1_des_seq                s1ds       s1        Shift to code
                                                          set 1
         set2_des_seq                s2ds       s2        Shift to code
                                                          set 2
         set3_des_seq                s3ds       s3        Shift to code
                                                          set 3
         set_lr_margin               smglr      ML        Set both left
                                                          and     right
                                                          margins    to
                                                          #1, #2

         set_tb_margin               smgtb      MT        Sets both top
                                                          and    bottom
                                                          margins    to
                                                          #1, #2
         bit_image_repeat            birep      Xy        Repeat    bit
                                                          image cell #1
                                                          #2 times
         bit_image_newline           binel      Zz        Move  to next
                                                          row  of   the
                                                          bit image
         bit_image_carriage_return   bicr       Yv        Move       to
                                                          beginning  of
                                                          same row
         color_names                 colornm    Yw        Give name for
                                                          color #1
         define_bit_image_region     defbi      Yx        Define  rect-
                                                          angualar  bit
                                                          image region
         end_bit_image_region        endbi      Yy        End  a   bit-
                                                          image region
         set_color_band              setcolor   Yz        Change     to
                                                          ribbon  color
                                                          #1
         set_page_length             slines     YZ        Set      page
                                                          length to  #1
                                                          lines
         display_pc_char             dispc      S1        Display    PC
                                                          character
         enter_pc_charset_mode       smpch      S2        Enter      PC
                                                          character
                                                          display mode
         exit_pc_charset_mode        rmpch      S3        Exit PC char-
                                                          acter display
                                                          mode
         enter_scancode_mode         smsc       S4        Enter      PC
                                                          scancode mode
         exit_scancode_mode          rmsc       S5        Exit PC scan-
                                                          code mode
         pc_term_options             pctrm      S6        PC   terminal
                                                          options
         scancode_escape             scesc      S7        Escape    for
                                                          scancode emu-
                                                          lation
         alt_scancode_esc            scesa      S8        Alternate
                                                          escape    for
                                                          scancode emu-
                                                          lation

              The  XSI  Curses  standard  added  these.  They are
              probably in  some  post-4.1  version  of  System  V
              curses  as  well, but because XSI Curses lists them
              is strict alphabetical order we don't know if  this
              is  the  right  binary  order.  The ncurses termcap
              names for them are invented; according to  the  XSI
              Curses  standard,  they  have no termcap names.  If
              your compiled terminfo entries use these, they  may
              not  be  binary-compatible  with  System V terminfo
              entries after SVr4.1; beware!

                  Variable            Cap-    Termcap    Description
                   String             name     Code
          enter_horizontal_hl_mode   ehhlm    Xh        Enter   hori-
                                                        zontal  high-
                                                        light mode
          enter_left_hl_mode         elhlm    Xl        Enter    left
                                                        highlight
                                                        mode
          enter_low_hl_mode          elohlm   Xo        Enter     low
                                                        highlight
                                                        mode
          enter_right_hl_mode        erhlm    Xr        Enter   right
                                                        highlight
                                                        mode
          enter_top_hl_mode          ethlm    Xt        Enter     top
                                                        highlight
                                                        mode
          enter_vertical_hl_mode     evhlm    Xv        Enter  verti-
                                                        cal highlight
                                                        mode


   A Sample Entry
       The following entry, describing an ANSI-standard terminal,
       is  representative  of  what a terminfo entry for a modern
       terminal typically looks like.

     ansi|ansi/pc-term compatible with color,
             mc5i,
             colors#8, ncv#3, pairs#64,
             cub=\E[%p1%dD, cud=\E[%p1%dB, cuf=\E[%p1%dC,
             cuu=\E[%p1%dA, dch=\E[%p1%dP, dl=\E[%p1%dM,
             ech=\E[%p1%dX, el1=\E[1K, hpa=\E[%p1%dG, ht=\E[I,
             ich=\E[%p1%d@, il=\E[%p1%dL, indn=\E[%p1%dS,
             kbs=^H, kcbt=\E[Z, kcub1=\E[D, kcud1=\E[B,
             kcuf1=\E[C, kcuu1=\E[A, kf1=\E[M, kf10=\E[V,
             kf11=\E[W, kf12=\E[X, kf2=\E[N, kf3=\E[O, kf4=\E[P,
             kf5=\E[Q, kf6=\E[R, kf7=\E[S, kf8=\E[T, kf9=\E[U,
             kich1=\E[L, mc4=\E[4i, mc5=\E[5i, nel=\r\E[S,
             op=\E[37;40m, rep=%p1%c\E[%p2%{1}%-%db,
             rin=\E[%p1%dT, s0ds=\E(B, s1ds=\E)B, s2ds=\E*B,
             s3ds=\E+B, setab=\E[4%p1%dm, setaf=\E[3%p1%dm,
             setb=\E[4%?%p1%{1}%=%t4%e%p1%{3}%=%t6%e%p1%{4}%=%t1%e%p1%{6}%=%t3%e%p1%d%;m,
             setf=\E[3%?%p1%{1}%=%t4%e%p1%{3}%=%t6%e%p1%{4}%=%t1%e%p1%{6}%=%t3%e%p1%d%;m,
             sgr=\E[0;10%?%p1%t;7%;%?%p2%t;4%;%?%p3%t;7%;%?%p4%t;5%;%?%p6%t;1%;%?%p7%t;8%;%?%p8%t;11%;%?%p9%t;12%;m,
             sgr0=\E[0;10m, tbc=\E[2g, u6=\E[%d;%dR, u7=\E[6n,
             u8=\E[?%[;0123456789]c, u9=\E[c, vpa=\E[%p1%dd,

       Entries may continue onto multiple lines by placing  white
       space  at  the  beginning  of  each line except the first.
       Comments may be included on lines  beginning  with  ``#''.
       Capabilities in terminfo are of three types: Boolean capa-
       bilities which indicate that the terminal has some partic-
       ular  feature, numeric capabilities giving the size of the
       terminal or the size  of  particular  delays,  and  string
       capabilities,  which  give a sequence which can be used to
       perform particular terminal operations.


   Types of Capabilities
       All capabilities have names.  For instance, the fact  that
       ANSI-standard  terminals  have automatic margins (i.e., an
       automatic return and line-feed when the end of a  line  is
       reached)  is  indicated  by  the capability am.  Hence the
       description of ansi includes am.  Numeric capabilities are
       followed  by  the  character `#' and then the value.  Thus
       cols, which indicates the number of columns  the  terminal
       has, gives the value `80' for ansi.

       Finally,  string valued capabilities, such as el (clear to
       end of line sequence) are given by the two-character code,
       an  `=',  and  then  a string ending at the next following
       `,'.

       A number of escape sequences are provided  in  the  string
       valued capabilities for easy encoding of characters there.
       Both \E and \e map to an ESCAPE character, ^x  maps  to  a
       control-x  for  any appropriate x, and the sequences \n \l
       \r \t \b \f \s give a  newline,  line-feed,  return,  tab,
       backspace, form-feed, and space.  Other escapes include \^
       for ^, \\ for \, \, for comma, \: for :, and \0 for  null.
       (\0  will  produce \200, which does not terminate a string
       but behaves  as  a  null  character  on  most  terminals.)
       Finally,  characters  may  be  given as three octal digits
       after a \.

       A delay in milliseconds may appear anywhere  in  a  string
       capability,  enclosed in $<..> brackets, as in el=\EK$<5>,
       and padding characters are supplied by  tputs  to  provide
       this  delay.   The delay must be a number with at most one
       decimal place of precision; it may be followed by suffixes
       `*'  or  '/'  or  both.   A `*' indicates that the padding
       required is proportional to the number of  lines  affected
       by  the  operation,  and  the  amount  given  is  the per-
       affected-unit padding required.  (In the  case  of  insert
       character,  the  factor  is  still  the  number  of  lines
       affected.)  Normally, padding is advisory  if  the  decice
       has  the  xon  capability; it is used for cost computation
       but does not trigger delays.  A `/' suffix indicates  that
       the  padding  is mandatory and forces a delay of the given
       number of milliseconds even on devices for  which  xon  is
       present to indicate flow control.

       Sometimes  individual  capabilities must be commented out.
       To do this, put a period before the capability name.   For
       example, see the second ind in the example above.


   Fetching Compiled Descriptions
       To  easily test a new terminal description you can set the
       environment variable TERMINFO to a pathname of a directory
       containing the compiled description you are working on and
       programs will look there rather than in @TERMINFO@.

       If TERMINFO is not set, the ncurses version  of  the  ter-
       minfo  reader  code  will  instead  look  in the directory
       $HOME/.terminfo for a compiled description.  (This  exten-
       sion   is   not   supported  under  stock  System  V  ter-
       minfo/curses.)

       If these local lookups fail, the last place tried will  be
       the system terminfo directory, @TERMINFO@.


   Preparing Descriptions
       We  now  outline how to prepare descriptions of terminals.
       The most effective way to prepare a  terminal  description
       is  by  imitating the description of a similar terminal in
       terminfo and to build up a  description  gradually,  using
       partial descriptions with vi or some other screen-oriented
       program to check that they are correct.  Be aware  that  a
       very unusual terminal may expose deficiencies in the abil-
       ity of the terminfo file to describe it  or  bugs  in  the
       screen-handling code of the test program.

       To  get the padding for insert line right (if the terminal
       manufacturer did not document it) a severe test is to edit
       /etc/passwd  at  9600 baud, delete 16 or so lines from the
       middle of the screen, then hit the `u' key  several  times
       quickly.   If the terminal messes up, more padding is usu-
       ally needed.  A similar test can be used for insert  char-
       acter.


   Basic Capabilities
       The  number  of  columns  on each line for the terminal is
       given by the cols numeric capability.  If the terminal  is
       a  CRT, then the number of lines on the screen is given by
       the lines capability.  If the terminal wraps around to the
       beginning  of the next line when it reaches the right mar-
       gin, then it should have the am capability.  If the termi-
       nal  can  clear its screen, leaving the cursor in the home
       position, then this is given by the clear string  capabil-
       ity.   If the terminal overstrikes (rather than clearing a
       position when a character is struck over) then  it  should
       have  the  os  capability.   If the terminal is a printing
       terminal, with no soft copy unit, give it both hc and  os.
       (os  applies to storage scope terminals, such as TEKTRONIX
       4010 series, as well as hard copy and APL terminals.)   If
       there is a code to move the cursor to the left edge of the
       current row, give this as cr.  (Normally this will be car-
       riage  return,  control M.)  If there is a code to produce
       an audible signal (bell, beep, etc) give this as bel.

       If there is a code to move the cursor one position to  the
       left  (such  as backspace) that capability should be given
       as cub1.  Similarly, codes to move to the right,  up,  and
       down should be given as cuf1, cuu1, and cud1.  These local
       cursor motions should not alter the text they  pass  over,
       for  example,  you would not normally use `cuf1= ' because
       the space would erase the character moved over.

       A very important point  here  is  that  the  local  cursor
       motions  encoded in terminfo are undefined at the left and
       top edges  of  a  CRT  terminal.   Programs  should  never
       attempt  to  backspace  around the left edge, unless bw is
       given, and never attempt to go up locally off the top.  In
       order  to  scroll text up, a program will go to the bottom
       left corner of the screen and send the ind (index) string.

       To scroll text down, a program goes to the top left corner
       of the screen and sends the  ri  (reverse  index)  string.
       The  strings  ind  and  ri are undefined when not on their
       respective corners of the screen.

       Parameterized versions of the scrolling sequences are indn
       and rin which have the same semantics as ind and ri except
       that they take one parameter, and scroll that many  lines.
       They  are also undefined except at the appropriate edge of
       the screen.

       The am capability tells whether the cursor sticks  at  the
       right  edge  of  the  screen when text is output, but this
       does not necessarily apply to a cuf1 from the last column.
       The  only local motion which is defined from the left edge
       is if bw is given, then a cub1 from  the  left  edge  will
       move  to the right edge of the previous row.  If bw is not
       given, the effect is undefined.  This is useful for  draw-
       ing  a box around the edge of the screen, for example.  If
       the terminal has switch selectable automatic margins,  the
       terminfo  file  usually assumes that this is on; i.e., am.
       If the terminal has a command which  moves  to  the  first
       column  of the next line, that command can be given as nel
       (newline).  It does not matter if the command  clears  the
       remainder  of  the current line, so if the terminal has no
       cr and lf it may still be possible to craft a working  nel
       out of one or both of them.

       These  capabilities  suffice  to  describe  hard-copy  and
       "glass-tty" terminals.  Thus  the  model  33  teletype  is
       described as

     33|tty33|tty|model 33 teletype,
     bel=^G, cols#72, cr=^M, cud1=^J, hc, ind=^J, os,

       while the Lear Siegler ADM-3 is described as

     adm3|3|lsi adm3,
     am, bel=^G, clear=^Z, cols#80, cr=^M, cub1=^H, cud1=^J,
     ind=^J, lines#24,


   Parameterized Strings
       Cursor  addressing  and other strings requiring parameters
       in the terminal are described by  a  parameterized  string
       capability,  with  printf(3S)  like escapes %x in it.  For
       example, to address the  cursor,  the  cup  capability  is
       given, using two parameters: the row and column to address
       to.  (Rows and columns are numbered from zero and refer to
       the physical screen visible to the user, not to any unseen
       memory.)  If  the  terminal  has  memory  relative  cursor
       addressing, that can be indicated by mrcup.

       The  parameter  mechanism uses a stack and special % codes
       to manipulate it.  Typically a sequence will push  one  of
       the  parameters  onto  the stack and then print it in some
       format.  Often more complex operations are necessary.

       The % encodings have the following meanings:

            %%        outputs `%'
            %d        print pop() as in printf
            %2d       print pop() like %2d
            %3d       print pop() like %3d
            %02d
            %03d      as in printf
            %x        print pop() as in printf
            %2x       print pop() like %2x
            %3x       print pop() like %3x
            %02x
            %03x      as in printf
            %c        print pop() gives %c
            %s        print pop() gives %s

            %p[1-9]   push ith parm
            %P[a-z]   set variable [a-z] to pop()
            %g[a-z]   get variable [a-z] and push it
            %'c'      char constant c
            %{nn}     integer constant nn

            %+ %- %* %/ %m
                      arithmetic (%m is mod): push(pop() op pop())
            %& %| %^  bit operations: push(pop() op pop())
            %= %> %<  logical operations: push(pop() op pop())
            %A, %O    logical and & or operations (for conditionals)
            %! %~     unary operations push(op pop())
            %i        add 1 to first two parms (for ANSI terminals)

            %? expr %t thenpart %e elsepart %;
                      if-then-else, %e elsepart is optional.
                      else-if's are possible ala Algol 68:
                      %? c1 %t b1 %e c2 %t b2 %e c3 %t b3 %e c4 %t b4 %e %;
                      ci are conditions, bi are bodies.

       Binary operations are in postfix form with the operands in
       the  usual  order.   That  is,  to  get  x-5 one would use
       "%gx%{5}%-".

       Consider the HP2645, which, to get to row 3 and column 12,
       needs  to  be  sent  \E&a12c03Y padded for 6 milliseconds.
       Note that the order of the rows and  columns  is  inverted
       here,  and that the row and column are printed as two dig-
       its.  Thus its cup capability is "cup=6\E&%p2%2dc%p1%2dY".

       The Microterm ACT-IV needs the current row and column sent
       preceded by a ^T, with the row and column  simply  encoded
       in  binary,  "cup=^T%p1%c%p2%c".  Terminals which use "%c"
       need to be able to backspace the  cursor  (cub1),  and  to
       move the cursor up one line on the screen (cuu1).  This is
       necessary because it is not always safe to transmit \n  ^D
       and  \r,  as  the system may change or discard them.  (The
       library routines dealing with terminfo set  tty  modes  so
       that tabs are never expanded, so \t is safe to send.  This
       turns out to be essential for the Ann Arbor 4080.)

       A final example is the LSI ADM-3a, which uses row and col-
       umn  offset  by  a  blank  character,  thus  "cup=\E=%p1%'
       '%+%c%p2%' '%+%c".  After sending `\E=', this  pushes  the
       first  parameter, pushes the ASCII value for a space (32),
       adds them (pushing the sum on the stack in  place  of  the
       two  previous  values) and outputs that value as a charac-
       ter.  Then the same is  done  for  the  second  parameter.
       More complex arithmetic is possible using the stack.

       If the terminal has row or column absolute cursor address-
       ing, these can be given as single  parameter  capabilities
       hpa (horizontal position absolute) and vpa (vertical posi-
       tion absolute).  Sometimes these are shorter than the more
       general  two  parameter  sequence (as with the hp2645) and
       can be used in preference to cup .  If there  are  parame-
       terized  local  motions (e.g., move n spaces to the right)
       these can be given as cud, cub, cuf, and cuu with a single
       parameter  indicating  how many spaces to move.  These are
       primarily useful if the terminal does not have  cup,  such
       as the TEKTRONIX 4025.


   Cursor Motions
       If the terminal has a fast way to home the cursor (to very
       upper left corner of screen) then this  can  be  given  as
       home;  similarly  a fast way of getting to the lower left-
       hand corner can be given as ll; this may involve going  up
       with  cuu1  from  the  home position, but a program should
       never do this itself (unless ll does) because it can  make
       no  assumption about the effect of moving up from the home
       position.  Note that the home  position  is  the  same  as
       addressing to (0,0): to the top left corner of the screen,
       not of memory.  (Thus, the \EH sequence  on  HP  terminals
       cannot be used for home.)


   Area Clears
       If the terminal can clear from the current position to the
       end of the line, leaving the  cursor  where  it  is,  this
       should be given as el.  If the terminal can clear from the
       current position to the end  of  the  display,  then  this
       should  be given as ed.  Ed is only defined from the first
       column of a line.  (Thus, it can be simulated by a request
       to  delete  a  large  number of lines, if a true ed is not
       available.)


   Insert/delete line and vertical motions
       If the terminal can open a new blank line before the  line
       where  the cursor is, this should be given as il1; this is
       done only from the first position of a line.   The  cursor
       must then appear on the newly blank line.  If the terminal
       can delete the line which the  cursor  is  on,  then  this
       should  be  given as dl1; this is done only from the first
       position on the line to be deleted.  Versions of  il1  and
       dl1  which  take  a  single parameter and insert or delete
       that many lines can be given as il and dl.  If the  termi-
       nal  has  a settable scrolling region (like the vt100) the
       command to set this can be described with the csr capabil-
       ity,  which takes two parameters: the top and bottom lines
       of the scrolling region.  The cursor  position  is,  alas,
       undefined after using this command.

       It  is possible to get the effect of insert or delete line
       using csr on a properly chosen region; the sc and rc (save
       and  restore  cursor)  commands may be useful for ensuring
       that your synthesized insert/delete string does  not  move
       the  cursor.  (Note that the ncurses(3x) library does this
       synthesis  automatically,  so   you   need   not   compose
       insert/delete strings for an entry with csr).

       Yet another way to construct insert and delete might be to
       use a combination of index with  the  memory-lock  feature
       found  on some terminals (like the HP-700/90 series, which
       however also has insert/delete).

       Inserting lines at the top or bottom  of  the  screen  can
       also  be  done using ri or ind on many terminals without a
       true insert/delete line,  and  is  often  faster  even  on
       terminals with those features.

       The  boolean  non_dest_scroll_region should be set if each
       scrolling window is effectively a viewport  on  a  screen-
       sized  canvas.   To  test  for  this  capability, create a
       scrolling region in the middle of the screen, write  some-
       thing  to  the  bottom line, move the cursor to the top of
       the region, and do ri followed by dl1 or ind.  If the data
       scrolled  off  the  bottom  of  the  region  by the ri re-
       appears, then scrolling is non-destructive.  System V  and
       XSI  Curses  expect that ind, ri, indn, and rin will simu-
       late destructive scrolling; their  documentation  cautions
       you  not  to  define csr unless this is true.  This curses
       implementation is more liberal and will do explicit erases
       after scrolling if ndstr is defined.

       If the terminal has the ability to define a window as part
       of memory, which all commands affect, it should  be  given
       as the parameterized string wind.  The four parameters are
       the starting and ending lines in memory and  the  starting
       and ending columns in memory, in that order.

       If  the terminal can retain display memory above, then the
       da capability should be given; if display  memory  can  be
       retained  below,  then db should be given.  These indicate
       that deleting a line  or  scrolling  may  bring  non-blank
       lines  up  from  below  or that scrolling back with ri may
       bring down non-blank lines.


   Insert/Delete Character
       There are two basic kinds of  intelligent  terminals  with
       respect  to insert/delete character which can be described
       using terminfo.  The most common  insert/delete  character
       operations  affect only the characters on the current line
       and shift characters off the  end  of  the  line  rigidly.
       Other  terminals,  such  as the Concept 100 and the Perkin
       Elmer Owl, make a distinction between  typed  and  untyped
       blanks  on  the  screen, shifting upon an insert or delete
       only to an untyped blank on the  screen  which  is  either
       eliminated,  or  expanded  to two untyped blanks.  You can
       determine the kind of terminal you have  by  clearing  the
       screen  and  then typing text separated by cursor motions.
       Type "abc    def" using local cursor motions (not  spaces)
       between the "abc" and the "def".  Then position the cursor
       before the "abc" and put the terminal in insert mode.   If
       typing  characters  causes  the  rest of the line to shift
       rigidly and characters to fall off the end, then your ter-
       minal  does  not  distinguish  between  blanks and untyped
       positions.  If the "abc" shifts over to  the  "def"  which
       then  move together around the end of the current line and
       onto the next as you insert, you have the second  type  of
       terminal,  and should give the capability in, which stands
       for "insert null".  While these are two logically separate
       attributes  (one line vs. multi-line insert mode, and spe-
       cial treatment of untyped spaces) we have seen  no  termi-
       nals whose insert mode cannot be described with the single
       attribute.

       Terminfo can describe both terminals which have an  insert
       mode, and terminals which send a simple sequence to open a
       blank position on the current  line.   Give  as  smir  the
       sequence  to  get  into  insert  mode.   Give  as rmir the
       sequence to leave insert  mode.   Now  give  as  ich1  any
       sequence needed to be sent just before sending the charac-
       ter to be inserted.  Most terminals  with  a  true  insert
       mode  will  not give ich1; terminals which send a sequence
       to open a screen position should give it here.

       If your terminal has both, insert mode is usually  prefer-
       able  to  ich1.   Technically,  you  should  not give both
       unless the terminal actually requires both to be  used  in
       combination.   Accordingly,  some  non-curses applications
       get confused if both are present; the symptom  is  doubled
       characters in an update using insert.  This requirement is
       now rare; most ich sequences do not require previous smir,
       and most smir insert modes do not require ich1 before each
       character.  Therefore, the  new  curses  actually  assumes
       this  is the case and uses either rmir/smir or ich/ich1 as
       appropriate (but not both).  If you have to write an entry
       to  be  used under new curses for a terminal old enough to
       need both, include the rmir/smir sequences in ich1.

       If post insert padding is needed, give this as a number of
       milliseconds  in ip (a string option).  Any other sequence
       which may need to be sent after  an  insert  of  a  single
       character may also be given in ip.  If your terminal needs
       both to be placed into an `insert mode' and a special code
       to  precede  each  inserted character, then both smir/rmir
       and ich1 can be given, and both will  be  used.   The  ich
       capability, with one parameter, n, will repeat the effects
       of ich1 n times.

       It is occasionally  necessary  to  move  around  while  in
       insert  mode  to delete characters on the same line (e.g.,
       if there is a tab after the insertion position).  If  your
       terminal  allows  motion while in insert mode you can give
       the capability mir to speed up  inserting  in  this  case.
       Omitting  mir  will  affect  only  speed.   Some terminals
       (notably Datamedia's) must not have mir because of the way
       their insert mode works.

       Finally,  you  can specify dch1 to delete a single charac-
       ter, dch with one parameter, n, to  delete  n  characters,
       and  delete mode by giving smdc and rmdc to enter and exit
       delete mode (any mode the terminal needs to be  placed  in
       for dch1 to work).

       A  command to erase n characters (equivalent to outputting
       n blanks without moving the cursor) can be  given  as  ech
       with one parameter.


   Highlighting, Underlining, and Visible Bells
       If  your  terminal  has  one  or  more  kinds  of  display
       attributes, these can be represented in a number  of  dif-
       ferent ways.  You should choose one display form as stand-
       out mode, representing a good, high contrast, easy-on-the-
       eyes,  format  for  highlighting  error messages and other
       attention getters.  (If you have a choice,  reverse  video
       plus  half-bright  is  good, or reverse video alone.)  The
       sequences to enter and exit standout  mode  are  given  as
       smso  and  rmso, respectively.  If the code to change into
       or out of standout mode  leaves  one  or  even  two  blank
       spaces  on the screen, as the TVI 912 and Teleray 1061 do,
       then xmc should be given to tell how many spaces are left.

       Codes  to  begin  underlining  and  end underlining can be
       given as smul and rmul respectively.  If the terminal  has
       a  code  to  underline  the current character and move the
       cursor one space to the right, such as the Microterm Mime,
       this can be given as uc.

       Other  capabilities  to  enter  various highlighting modes
       include blink (blinking) bold (bold or extra  bright)  dim
       (dim  or  half-bright)  invis (blanking or invisible text)
       prot (protected) rev (reverse video) sgr0  (turn  off  all
       attribute  modes)  smacs  (enter  alternate  character set
       mode) and  rmacs  (exit  alternate  character  set  mode).
       Turning  on  any of these modes singly may or may not turn
       off other modes.

       If there is a sequence to set  arbitrary  combinations  of
       modes,  this should be given as sgr (set attributes), tak-
       ing 9 parameters.  Each parameter is either 0 or 1, as the
       corresponding  attribute  is  on or off.  The 9 parameters
       are, in order: standout, underline, reverse,  blink,  dim,
       bold,  blank,  protect,  alternate character set.  Not all
       modes need be supported by sgr, only those for which  cor-
       responding separate attribute commands exist.

       Terminals  with  the ``magic cookie'' glitch (xmc) deposit
       special  ``cookies''  when   they   receive   mode-setting
       sequences,  which affect the display algorithm rather than
       having extra bits for  each  character.   Some  terminals,
       such  as  the  HP  2621, automatically leave standout mode
       when they move to a new line or the cursor  is  addressed.
       Programs  using  standout  mode  should exit standout mode
       before moving the cursor or sending a newline, unless  the
       msgr  capability,  asserting  that  it  is safe to move in
       standout mode, is present.

       If the terminal has a way of flashing the screen to  indi-
       cate  an  error quietly (a bell replacement) then this can
       be given as flash; it must not move the cursor.

       If the cursor needs to be made more  visible  than  normal
       when it is not on the bottom line (to make, for example, a
       non-blinking underline into an easier  to  find  block  or
       blinking underline) give this sequence as cvvis.  If there
       is a way to make the  cursor  completely  invisible,  give
       that as civis.  The capability cnorm should be given which
       undoes the effects of both of these modes.

       If the terminal needs to be in a special mode when running
       a program that uses these capabilities, the codes to enter
       and exit this mode can be given as smcup and rmcup.   This
       arises,  for example, from terminals like the Concept with
       more than one page of memory.  If the  terminal  has  only
       memory  relative cursor addressing and not screen relative
       cursor addressing, a one screen-sized window must be fixed
       into  the terminal for cursor addressing to work properly.
       This is also used for the TEKTRONIX 4025, where smcup sets
       the command character to be the one used by terminfo.

       If your terminal correctly generates underlined characters
       (with no special codes needed) even  though  it  does  not
       overstrike,  then  you  should give the capability ul.  If
       overstrikes are erasable with a blank, then this should be
       indicated by giving eo.


   Keypad Handling
       If the terminal has a keypad that transmits codes when the
       keys are pressed, this information can be given. Note that
       it  is  not  possible to handle terminals where the keypad
       only works in local (this applies,  for  example,  to  the
       unshifted  HP  2621  keys).   If  the keypad can be set to
       transmit or not transmit, give these  codes  as  smkx  and
       rmkx.  Otherwise the keypad is assumed to always transmit.
       The codes sent by the left arrow, right arrow,  up  arrow,
       down  arrow,  and  home keys can be given as kcub1, kcuf1,
       kcuu1, kcud1, and khome respectively.  If there are  func-
       tion  keys  such  as f0, f1, ..., f10, the codes they send
       can be given as kf0, kf1, ..., kf10.  If these  keys  have
       labels  other  than the default f0 through f10, the labels
       can be given as lf0, lf1, ..., lf10.  The codes  transmit-
       ted  by certain other special keys can be given: kll (home
       down), kbs  (backspace),  ktbc  (clear  all  tabs),  kctab
       (clear the tab stop in this column), kclr (clear screen or
       erase key), kdch1 (delete character), kdl1 (delete  line),
       krmir  (exit insert mode), kel (clear to end of line), ked
       (clear to end of screen), kich1 (insert character or enter
       insert  mode),  kil1  (insert  line), knp (next page), kpp
       (previous page), kind (scroll forward/down),  kri  (scroll
       backward/up),  khts  (set  a tab stop in this column).  In
       addition, if the keypad has a 3 by 3 array of keys includ-
       ing  the four arrow keys, the other five keys can be given
       as ka1, ka3, kb2, kc1, and kc3.   These  keys  are  useful
       when the effects of a 3 by 3 directional pad are needed.


   Tabs and Initialization
       If  the terminal has hardware tabs, the command to advance
       to the next tab stop can be given as ht  (usually  control
       I).   A  ``back-tab''  command which moves leftward to the
       next tab stop can be given as cbt.  By convention, if  the
       teletype  modes  indicate  that tabs are being expanded by
       the computer rather than being sent to the terminal,  pro-
       grams  should  not use ht or cbt even if they are present,
       since the user may not have the tab  stops  properly  set.
       If  the terminal has hardware tabs which are initially set
       every n spaces  when  the  terminal  is  powered  up,  the
       numeric  parameter  it  is  given,  showing  the number of
       spaces the tabs are set to.  This is normally used by  the
       tset  command  to  determine  whether  to set the mode for
       hardware tab expansion, and whether to set the tab  stops.
       If  the  terminal  has tab stops that can be saved in non-
       volatile memory, the terminfo description can assume  that
       they are properly set.

       Other  capabilities include is1, is2, and is3, initializa-
       tion strings for the terminal, iprog, the path name  of  a
       program  to be run to initialize the terminal, and if, the
       name of a file  containing  long  initialization  strings.
       These  strings are expected to set the terminal into modes
       consistent with the  rest  of  the  terminfo  description.
       They  are  normally sent to the terminal, by the tset pro-
       gram, each time the user logs in.  They will be printed in
       the  following order: is1; is2; setting tabs using tbc and
       hts; if; running the program iprog; and finally is3.  Most
       initialization  is  done with is2.  Special terminal modes
       can be set up without duplicating strings by  putting  the
       common  sequences in is2 and special cases in is1 and is3.
       A pair of sequences  that  does  a  harder  reset  from  a
       totally  unknown  state  can  be analogously given as rs1,
       rs2, rf, and rs3, analogous to is2 and if.  These  strings
       are  output  by  the reset program, which is used when the
       terminal gets into a wedged state.  Commands are  normally
       placed in rs2 and rf only if they produce annoying effects
       on the screen and are not necessary when logging in.   For
       example,  the command to set the vt100 into 80-column mode
       would normally be part of is2, but it causes  an  annoying
       glitch  of the screen and is not normally needed since the
       terminal is usually already in 80 column mode.

       If there are commands to set and clear tab stops, they can
       be  given  as tbc (clear all tab stops) and hts (set a tab
       stop in the current column of every row).  If a more  com-
       plex  sequence  is  needed  to  set  the  tabs than can be
       described by this, the sequence can be placed  in  is2  or
       if.

   Delays and Padding
       Many  older  and  slower  terminals  don't  support either
       XON/XOFF or DTR handshaking, including hardcopy  terminals
       and  some  very  archaic CRTs (including, for example, DEC
       VT100s).  These may require padding characters after  cer-
       tain cursor motions and screen changes.

       If the terminal uses xon/xoff handshaking for flow control
       (that is, it automatically emits ^S back to the host  when
       its input buffers are close to full), set xon.  This capa-
       bility suppresses the emission of padding.  You  can  also
       set  it for memory-mapped console devices effectively that
       don't have a  speed  limit.   Padding  information  should
       still  be  included so that routines can make better deci-
       sions about relative costs, but actual pad characters will
       not be transmitted.

       If  pb (padding baud rate) is given, padding is suppressed
       at baud rates below the value of pb.  If the entry has  no
       padding  baud rate, then whether padding is emitted or not
       is completely controlled by xon.

       If the terminal requires other than a null (zero)  charac-
       ter  as  a  pad,  then this can be given as pad.  Only the
       first character of the pad string is used.


   Status Lines
       Some terminals have an extra `status line'  which  is  not
       normally  used  by  software  (and thus not counted in the
       terminal's lines capability).

       The simplest case  is  a  status  line  which  is  cursor-
       addressable  but  not part of the main scrolling region on
       the screen; the Heathkit H19 has a  status  line  of  this
       kind,  as  would  a 24-line VT100 with a 23-line scrolling
       region set up on initialization.  This situation is  indi-
       cated by the hs capability.

       Some terminals with status lines need special sequences to
       access the status line.   These  may  be  expressed  as  a
       string with single parameter tsl which takes the cursor to
       a given zero-origin column on the status line.  The  capa-
       bility  fsl  must  resturn to the main-screen cursor posi-
       tions befor the last tsl.   You  may  need  to  embed  the
       string  values of sc (save cursor) and rc (restore cursor)
       in tsl and fsl to accomplish this.

       The status line is normally assumed to be the  same  width
       as  the width of the terminal.  If this is untrue, you can
       specify it with the numeric capability wsl.
       A command to erase or blank the status line may be  speci-
       fied as dsl.

       The   boolean   capability  eslok  specifies  that  escape
       sequences, tabs, etc. work ordinarily in the status  line.

       The  ncurses  implementation does not yet use any of these
       capabilities.  They are documented here in case they  ever
       become important.


   Line Graphics
       Many  terminals  have  alternate character sets useful for
       forms-drawing.  Terminfo and curses build in  support  for
       the  drawing  characters supported by the VT100, with some
       characters fromm the AT&T 4410v1  added.   This  alternate
       character set may be specified by the acsc capability.

                 Glyph                ACS         Ascii    VT100
                 Name                 Name       Default   Name
        upper left corner         ACS_ULCORNER   +         l
        lower left corner         ACS_LLCORNER   +         m
        upper right corner        ACS_URCORNER   +         k
        lower right corner        ACS_LRCORNER   +         j
        tee pointing right        ACS_LTEE       +         t
        tee pointing left         ACS_RTEE       +         u
        tee pointing up           ACS_BTEE       +         v
        tee pointing down         ACS_TTEE       +         w
        horizontal line           ACS_HLINE      -         q
        vertical line             ACS_VLINE      |         x
        large plus or crossover   ACS_PLUS       +         n
        scan line 1               ACS_S1         ~         o
        scan line 9               ACS_S9         _         s
        diamond                   ACS_DIAMOND    +         `
        checker board (stipple)   ACS_CKBOARD    :         a
        degree symbol             ACS_DEGREE     \         f
        plus/minus                ACS_PLMINUS    #         g
        bullet                    ACS_BULLET     o         ~
        arrow pointing left       ACS_LARROW     <         ,
        arrow pointing right      ACS_RARROW     >         +
        arrow pointing down       ACS_DARROW     v         .
        arrow pointing up         ACS_UARROW     ^         -
        board of squares          ACS_BOARD      #         h
        lantern symbol            ACS_LANTERN    #         I
        solid square block        ACS_BLOCK      #         0

       The  best  way to define a new device's graphics set is to
       add a column to a copy of this table  for  your  terminal,
       giving   the   character   which   (when  emitted  between
       smacs/rmacs switches) will be rendered as the  correspond-
       ing  graphic.  Then read off the VT100/your terminal char-
       acter pairs right to left in sequence;  these  become  the
       ACSC string.

   Color Handling
       Most  color  terminals are either `Tektronix-like' or `HP-
       like'.  Tektronix-like terminals have a predefined set  of
       N  colors  (where N usually 8), and can set character-cell
       foreground and background characters independently, mixing
       them  into  N  * N color-pairs.  On HP-like terminals, the
       use must set each color pair up separately (foreground and
       background  are  not  independently  settable).   Up  to M
       color-pairs may be  set  up  from  2*M  different  colors.
       ANSI-compatible terminals are Tektronix-like.

       Some basic color capabilities are independent of the color
       method.  The numeric capabilities colors and pairs specify
       the  maximum numbers of colors and color-pairs that can be
       displayed simultaneously.  The op (original  pair)  string
       resets  foreground  and background colors to their default
       values for the terminal.  The oc string resets all  colors
       or  color-pairs  to their default values for the terminal.
       Some terminals  (including  many  PC  terminal  emulators)
       erase  screen  areas  with  the  current  background color
       rather than the power-up default background; these  should
       have the boolean capability bce.

       To  change the current foreground or background color on a
       Tektronix-type terminal, use setaf (set  ANSI  foreground)
       and  setab  (set ANSI background).  These take one parame-
       ter, the color number.  On an HP-like  terminal,  use  scp
       with a color-pair number parameter to set which color pair
       is current.

       On a Tektronix-like terminal, the capability  ccc  may  be
       present  to  indicate that colors can be modified.  If so,
       the initc capability will take a color number (0 to colors
       -  1)and  three  more parameters which describe the color.
       These three parameters default to being interpreted as RGB
       (Red,  Green, Blue) values.  If the boolean capability hls
       is present, they are instead as HLS (Hue, Lightness, Satu-
       ration) indices.  The ranges are terminal-dependent.

       On  an  HP-like  terminal, initp may give a capability for
       changing a color-pair value.  It will take  seven  parame-
       ters;  a  color-pair  number (0 to max_pairs - 1), and two
       triples describing first background  and  then  foreground
       colors.   These  parameters  must be (Red, Green, Blue) or
       (Hue, Lightness, Saturation) depending on hls.

       On some color terminals, colors collide  with  highlights.
       You can register these collisions with the ncv capability.
       This is a bit-mask of attributes not to be used when  col-
       ors  are  enabled.  The correspondence with the attributes
       understood by curses is as follows:

                       Attribute     Bit   Decimal

                       A_STANDOUT     0       1
                      A_UNDERLINE    1     2
                      A_REVERSE      2     4
                      A_BLINK        3     8
                      A_DIM          4     16
                      A_BOLD         5     32
                      A_INVIS        6     64
                      A_PROTECT      7     128
                      A_ALTCHARSET   8     256

       For example,  on  many  IBM  PC  consoles,  the  underline
       attribute  collides  with the foreground color blue and is
       not available in color mode.  These  should  have  an  ncv
       capability of 2.


   Miscellaneous
       If  the terminal can move up or down half a line, this can
       be indicated with hu  (half-line  up)  and  hd  (half-line
       down).  This is primarily useful for superscripts and sub-
       scripts on hard-copy terminals.  If a  hard-copy  terminal
       can  eject  to  the next page (form feed), give this as ff
       (usually control L).

       If there is a command to repeat a given character a  given
       number  of times (to save time transmitting a large number
       of identical characters) this can be  indicated  with  the
       parameterized  string  rep.   The  first  parameter is the
       character to be repeated and the second is the  number  of
       times  to repeat it.  Thus, tparm(repeat_char, 'x', 10) is
       the same as `xxxxxxxxxx'.

       If the terminal has a settable command character, such  as
       the  TEKTRONIX  4025, this can be indicated with cmdch.  A
       prototype command character is chosen which is used in all
       capabilities.   This character is given in the cmdch capa-
       bility to identify it.  The following convention  is  sup-
       ported  on  some  UNIX  systems:  The environment is to be
       searched for a CC variable, and if found, all  occurrences
       of the prototype character are replaced with the character
       in the environment variable.

       Terminal descriptions that do  not  represent  a  specific
       kind of known terminal, such as switch, dialup, patch, and
       network, should include the  gn  (generic)  capability  so
       that  programs  can  complain that they do not know how to
       talk to the terminal.  (This capability does not apply  to
       virtual   terminal   descriptions  for  which  the  escape
       sequences are known.)

       If the terminal has a ``meta key'' which acts as  a  shift
       key,  setting  the  8th  bit of any character transmitted,
       this fact can be indicated with km.   Otherwise,  software
       will assume that the 8th bit is parity and it will usually
       be cleared.  If strings exist to turn this  ``meta  mode''
       on and off, they can be given as smm and rmm.

       If  the terminal has more lines of memory than will fit on
       the screen at once, the number of lines of memory  can  be
       indicated  with  lm.   A  value of lm#0 indicates that the
       number of lines is not fixed, but that there is still more
       memory than fits on the screen.

       If the terminal is one of those supported by the UNIX vir-
       tual terminal protocol, the terminal number can  be  given
       as vt.

       Media copy strings which control an auxiliary printer con-
       nected to the terminal can be given as mc0: print the con-
       tents  of  the screen, mc4: turn off the printer, and mc5:
       turn on the printer.  When the printer  is  on,  all  text
       sent  to  the terminal will be sent to the printer.  It is
       undefined whether the text is also displayed on the termi-
       nal screen when the printer is on.  A variation mc5p takes
       one parameter, and leaves the printer on for as many char-
       acters  as  the  value  of  the  parameter, then turns the
       printer off.  The parameter should not  exceed  255.   All
       text,  including  mc4,  is  transparently  passed  to  the
       printer while an mc5p is in effect.

       Strings to program function keys can be  given  as  pfkey,
       pfloc,  and  pfx.  Each of these strings takes two parame-
       ters: the function key number to program (from  0  to  10)
       and  the  string to program it with.  Function key numbers
       out of this range may program undefined keys in a terminal
       dependent manner.  The difference between the capabilities
       is that pfkey causes pressing the given key to be the same
       as  the  user  typing  the  given string; pfloc causes the
       string to be executed by the terminal in  local;  and  pfx
       causes the string to be transmitted to the computer.


   Glitches and Braindamage
       Hazeltine  terminals, which do not allow `~' characters to
       be displayed should indicate hz.

       Terminals which ignore a line-feed immediately after an am
       wrap, such as the Concept and vt100, should indicate xenl.

       If el is required to  get  rid  of  standout  (instead  of
       merely  writing  normal  text on top of it), xhp should be
       given.

       Teleray terminals, where tabs turn  all  characters  moved
       over  to  blanks,  should  indicate xt (destructive tabs).
       Note:   the    variable    indicating    this    is    now
       `dest_tabs_magic_smso';  in  older  versions,  it was tel-
       eray_glitch.  This glitch is also taken to mean that it is
       not  possible  to  position the cursor on top of a ``magic
       cookie'', that to erase standout mode it is instead neces-
       sary to use delete and insert line.  The ncurses implemen-
       tation ignores this glitch.

       The Beehive Superbee, which is unable to correctly  trans-
       mit  the escape or control C characters, has xsb, indicat-
       ing that the f1 key is used for escape and f2 for  control
       C.   (Only  certain Superbees have this problem, depending
       on the ROM.)  Note that in older terminfo  versions,  this
       capability   was   called   `beehive_glitch';  it  is  now
       `no_esc_ctl_c'.

       Other specific  terminal  problems  may  be  corrected  by
       adding more capabilities of the form xx.


   Similar Terminals
       If  there  are  two  very  similar  terminals,  one can be
       defined as being just like the other with  certain  excep-
       tions.   The  string  capability use can be given with the
       name of the  similar  terminal.   The  capabilities  given
       before  use override those in the terminal type invoked by
       use.  A capability can be cancelled by placing xx@ to  the
       left  of  the capability definition, where xx is the capa-
       bility.  For example, the entry

                   2621-nl, smkx@, rmkx@, use=2621,

       defines a 2621-nl that does not  have  the  smkx  or  rmkx
       capabilities,  and hence does not turn on the function key
       labels when in visual mode.  This is useful for  different
       modes for a terminal, or for different user preferences.


   Pitfalls of Long Entries
       Long  terminfo  entries  are  unlikely to be a problem; to
       date, no entry has even approached terminfo's  4K  string-
       table  maximum.   Unfortunately,  the termcap translations
       are much more  strictly  limited  (to  1K),  thus  termcap
       translations  of long terminfo entries can cause problems.

       The man pages for 4.3BSD and older versions  of  tgetent()
       instruct  the user to allocate a 1K buffer for the termcap
       entry.  The entry  gets  null-terminated  by  the  termcap
       library, so that makes the maximum safe length for a term-
       cap entry 1k-1 (1023) bytes.  Depending on what the appli-
       cation and the termcap library being used do, and where in
       the termcap file  the  terminal  type  that  tgetent()  is
       searching for is, several bad things can happen.

       Some  termcap libraries print a warning message or exit if
       they find an entry that's longer than 1023  bytes;  others
       don't;  others  truncate  the entries to 1023 bytes.  Some
       application programs allocate more than the recommended 1K
       for the termcap entry; others don't.

       Each termcap entry has two important sizes associated with
       it: before "tc" expansion, and after "tc" expansion.  "tc"
       is  the  capability that tacks on another termcap entry to
       the end of the current one, to add  on  its  capabilities.
       If  a  termcap entry doesn't use the "tc" capability, then
       of course the two lengths are the same.

       The "before tc expansion" length  is  the  most  important
       one,  because it affects more than just users of that par-
       ticular terminal.  This is the length of the entry  as  it
       exists in /etc/termcap, minus the backslash-newline pairs,
       which tgetent() strips out while reading it.  Some termcap
       libraries  strip  off  the final newline, too (GNU termcap
       does not).  Now suppose:

       *    a termcap entry before expansion is  more  than  1023
            bytes long,

       *    and the application has only allocated a 1k buffer,

       *    and  the  termcap library (like the one in BSD/OS 1.1
            and GNU) reads the whole entry into  the  buffer,  no
            matter  what  its length, to see if it's the entry it
            wants,

       *    and tgetent() is searching for a terminal  type  that
            either is the long entry, appears in the termcap file
            after the long entry, or doesn't appear in  the  file
            at  all  (so  that  tgetent() has to search the whole
            termcap file).

       Then tgetent() will overwrite memory, perhaps  its  stack,
       and  probably core dump the program.  Programs like telnet
       are particularly vulnerable;  modern  telnets  pass  along
       values  like the terminal type automatically.  The results
       are almost as undesirable with  a  termcap  library,  like
       SunOS  4.1.3  and Ultrix 4.4, that prints warning messages
       when it reads an overly long termcap entry.  If a  termcap
       library  truncates  long  entries,  like  OSF/1 3.0, it is
       immune to dying here but will return  incorrect  data  for
       the terminal.

       The "after tc expansion" length will have a similar effect
       to the above, but only for people who actually set TERM to
       that  terminal type, since tgetent() only does "tc" expan-
       sion once it's found the terminal type it was looking for,
       not while searching.

       In summary, a termcap entry that is longer than 1023 bytes
       can cause, on various combinations  of  termcap  libraries
       and  applications,  a  core  dump,  warnings, or incorrect
       operation.  If it's too long even before  "tc"  expansion,
       it will have this effect even for users of some other ter-
       minal types and users whose TERM variable does not have  a
       termcap entry.

       When in -C (translate to termcap) mode, the ncurses imple-
       mentation of tic(1) issues warning messages when the  pre-
       tc  length  of  a termcap translation is too long.  The -c
       (check) option also checks resolved (after  tc  expansion)
       lengths.

   Binary Compatibility
       It  is not wise to count on portability of binary terminfo
       entries between commercial UNIX versions.  The problem  is
       that  there  are  at least two versions of terminfo (under
       HP-UX and AIX) which diverged from System V terminfo after
       SVr1,  and have added extension capabilities to the string
       table that (in the binary format) collide  with  System  V
       and XSI Curses extensions.


EXTENSIONS

       The  %x  operator in parametrized strings is unique to the
       ncurses implementation of tparm (it is required  in  order
       to  support  an  unfortunate choice of initc format on the
       Linux console).

       Some SVr4 curses  implementations,  and  all  previous  to
       SVr4, don't interpret the %A and %O operators in parameter
       strings.

       SVr4/XPG4 do not specify whether  msgr  licenses  movement
       while  in an alternate-character-set mode (such modes may,
       among other things, map CR and NL to characters that don't
       trigger   local   motions).   The  ncurses  implementation
       ignores msgr in ALTCHARSET mode.  This raises  the  possi-
       bility  that  an  XPG4  implementation making the opposite
       interpretation may need terminfo entries made for  ncurses
       to have msgr turned off.

       The  ncurses  library handles insert-character and insert-
       character modes in a slightly non-standard way in order to
       get better update efficiency.  See the Insert/Delete Char-
       acter subsection above.

       The  parameter  substitutions  for  set_clock   and   dis-
       play_clock  are  not  documented in SVr4 or the XSI Curses
       standard.  They are deduced from the documentation for the
       AT&T 505 terminal.

       Be  careful  assigning  the kmous capability.  The ncurses
       wants to interpret it as KEY_MOUSE, for use  by  terminals
       and  emulators  like  xterm  that can return mouse-traking
       information in the keyboard-input stream.

       Different commercial ports of terminfo and curses  support
       different  subsets of the XSI Curses standard and (in some
       cases) different extension sets.  Here is a summary, accu-
       rate as of October 1995:

       SVR4, Solaris, ncurses -- These support all SVr4 capabili-
       ties.

       SGI --  Supports  the  SVr4  set,  adds  one  undocumented
       extended string capability (set_pglen).

       SVr1,  Ultrix -- These support a restricted subset of ter-
       minfo capabilities.  The booleans end with  xon_xoff;  the
       numerics  with  width_status_line;  and  the  strings with
       prtr_non.

       HP/UX -- Supports  the  SVr1  subset,  plus  the  SVr[234]
       numerics num_labels, label_height, label_width, plus func-
       tion keys 11 through 63,  plus  plab_norm,  label_on,  and
       label_off, plus some incompatible extensions in the string
       table.

       AIX -- Supports the SVr1 subset,  plus  function  keys  11
       through  63,  plus  a  number of incompatible string table
       extensions.

       OSF -- Supports both the SVr4 set and the AIX  extensions.


FILES

       @TERMINFO@/?/*           files     containing     terminal
                                descriptions


SEE ALSO

       tic(1m), curses(3X), printf(3S), term(5).


AUTHORS

       Zeyd M. Ben-Halim, Eric S.  Raymond.   Descends  from  the
       original pcurses by Pavel Curtis.
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