2.2.1. What is OpenSSL

OpenSSL provides the libraries and include-files needed be the products mentioned above and also provides a Application to build Server and client-Certificates.

2.2.2. Download the source

Origin-Site http://www.openssl.org

2.2.3. Building and installing

cd /usr/local
tar -xvzf openssl-0.9.7.tar.gz
 
cd openssl-0.9.7
 
./config shared 
 
make
make test
make install

echo "/usr/local/ssl/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig

	Select your CPU to improve speed
	By default the Makefile generates code for the i486 CPU. You can change this by editing the Makefile after running config shared. Search for -m486 and replace it i.e with -march=athlon

2.3.1. What is gdbm

The GNU dbm is a very important application used by almost every distribution. So it is installed by default on all distributions I tested.

In all probability the needed header files which are mandatory to build Apache with mod_rewrite and PHP are not installed by default. Please consult your distributions CD/DVD and install the devel package (The version can vary):

rpm -i gdbm-devel-1.8.0-546

This procedure is verified for SuSE and Redhat. Please confirm for other RPM based systems like Mandrake. Debian will follow as soon as possible.

Users of Debian bases systems can install gdbm as follow:

apt-get install libgdbmg1-dev

2.3.2. Building and installing by yourself

In the unlikely case that your distribution does not contain gdbm here the instructions how to build it.

./configure 

make
make install

ldconfig

2.4.1. What is MySQL

MySQL is a very fast, powerful and very nice to handle Database.

Especially for webapplications where most access is read and few write, MySQL is the first choice. The newest Version is also transaction-capable. If you plan a Webapplication, that writes a lot of Data into the DB, maybe PostgreSQL is better suited for your project see Section 6.2.4 for installation hints

You need the C-API from MySQL for compiling PHP if you wish MySQL-Support in PHP. It is also needed if you want to use mod_authmysql, See Section 4.3 for more information

2.4.2. Download

Origin-Site: http://www.mysql.com/downloads/

2.4.3. Building and installing

cd /usr/local
tar -xvzf mysql-3.23.55.tar.gz 
cd mysql-3.23.55

./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql \
--enable-assembler \
--with-innodb \
--without-debug

make 
make install 

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db
echo /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql >> /etc/ld.so.conf 
ldconfig

For security-improvement add a MySQL-user on your system e.g. »mysql«.

chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/var

You may wish to start MySQL automatically at boottime, copy /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server to /etc/init.d/ (or wherever your rc-script are located) and create the corresponding symbolic link in the runlevel directories.

cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/ ln -s /etc/init.d/mysql.server /etc/init.d/rc3.d/S20mysql ln -s /etc/init.d/mysql.server /etc/init.d/rc3.d/K20mysql

2.4.4. Securing MySQL

This part is only optional, and describes how to bind the MySQL daemon to the localhost IP

I suggest to just bind MySQL to the loopback-interface 127.0.0.1. This makes sure nobody can connect to your MySQL-Daemon via the network. But of course it only makes sense if MySQL runs on the same box like the webserver.

edit /etc/init.d/mysql.server and edit line 107 as following:

Original line:

$bindir/safe_mysqld --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$pid_file&

Changed line:

$bindir/safe_mysqld --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$pid_file \ --bind-address=127.0.0.1&

Alternatively you can completely disable the networking functionality of MySQL.

$bindir/safe_mysqld --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$pid_file \
--skip-networking &

2.5.1. What is mm

It is a common library that enables Unix programmers to simplify shm (Shared memory) accesses. It is used by many products, e.g. PHP and mod_ssl

2.5.2. Download

Origin Site: ftp://ftp.ossp.org/pkg/lib/mm/mm-1.2.2.tar.gz

2.5.3. Building and installing

cd /usr/local
 
tar -xvzf mm-1.2.2.tar.gz
 
cd mm-1.2.2
 
./configure
make
make test
make install

ldconfig

3.1.1. What is Apache

It is simply the best Webserver-Software, it is very flexible to configure to match your needs, and it is E-X-T-R-E-M-E stable. I personally never experienced a crash in a productive (=non-experimental stuff) environment

3.1.2. Download the source

Origin-Site http://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/

cd /usr/local/ tar -xvzf apache_1.3.27.tar.gz

3.1.3. Patch for large-scale sites

If your webserver should answer very much requests at the same time, and your machine is strong enough to serve such an amount of requests, you can change the limit of maximum running processes

Download the patch from: http://www.delouw.ch/linux/apache-patch_HARD_SERVER_LIMIT.txt

--- httpd.h     Thu Mar 21 18:07:34 2002
+++ httpd.h-new Sun Apr  7 13:34:11 2002
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@
 #elif defined(NETWARE)
 #define HARD_SERVER_LIMIT 2048
 #else
-#define HARD_SERVER_LIMIT 256
+#define HARD_SERVER_LIMIT 512
 #endif
 #endif

This patch does increase the maximum concurrent accessing clients to 512. Feel free to increase it further, if you hacked your kernel and edited your /etc/security/limits.conf

	Avoid running out of tasks
	With wrong settings this could end as a »self-denial-of-service-attack« Be sure you have enough processes left for root)

Apply the patch using:

cd /usr/local/apache_1.3.27/src/include

patch -p0 < apache-patch_HARD_SERVER_LIMIT.txt

3.2.1. What is mod_ssl

This module is needed to enable Apache for SSL-Requests (https). It applies a patch to the Apache source-code and extends its API (Application Programming Interface). The result is called EAPI (Extended Application Programming Interface).

	Use of compilerflags while compiling modules
	Make sure any module for your Apache server is compiled with the compiler-flag -DEAPI, or your Webserver might crash or can not be started.

Almost all modules I know adds the -DEAPI flag by themself except mod_jserv and mod_jk

3.2.2. Download the source

Origin-Site:http://www.modssl.org

3.2.3. Applying the patch to the Apache source

cd /usr/local/

tar -xvzf mod_ssl-2.8.12-1.3.27.tar.gz
cd mod_ssl-2.8.12-1.3.27/

./configure --with-apache=../apache_1.3.27 

3.3.1. What is mod_perl

mod_perl is a kind of substitute for cgi-bin's. cgi's typically forks a new process for each request, and produces overhead. With mod_perl the perl-interpreter is loaded persistent in the Apache server and does not need to fork processes for each request.

3.3.2. Download the source

Origin-Site: http://www.apache.org/dist/perl

3.3.3. Building and installing

cd /usr/local

tar -xvzf mod_perl-1.27.tar.gz

cd mod_perl-1.27

perl Makefile.PL \
EVERYTHING=1 \
APACHE_SRC=../apache_1.3.27/src \
USE_APACI=1 \
PREP_HTTPD=1 \
DO_HTTPD=1

make
make install

	Mod_perl can not be compiled as DSO
	Do not compile mod_perl as DSO (Dynamic Shared Object)! According to various sources, Apache will crash (I never tried).

3.4.1. Building and installing

EAPI_MM="/usr/local/mm-1.2.2" SSL_BASE="/usr/local/ssl" \
./configure \
--enable-module=unique_id \
--enable-module=rewrite \
--enable-module=speling \
--enable-module=expires \
--enable-module=info \
--enable-module=log_agent \
--enable-module=log_referer \
--enable-module=usertrack \
--enable-module=proxy \
--enable-module=userdir \
--enable-module=so \
--enable-shared=ssl \
--enable-module=ssl \
--activate-module=src/modules/perl/libperl.a \
--enable-module=perl

make
make install

3.4.2. Create self-signed SSL-certificate

cd /usr/local/ssl/bin

./openssl req -new > new.cert.csr
./openssl rsa -in privkey.pem -out new.cert.key
./openssl x509 -in new.cert.csr -out new.cert.cert \
-req -signkey new.cert.key -days 999

cp new.cert.key /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.key/server.key
cp new.cert.cert /usr/local/apache/conf/ssl.crt/server.crt

	Common name
	OpenSSL asks for different things. A common error is to enter a wrong "common name". This should be the FQHN (Fully Qualified HostName) of your Server, i.e www.foo.org

4.1.1. What is mod_dav

From the authors point of view:

DAV means: »Distributed authoring and Versioning«. It allows you to manage your Website similar to a filesystem. It is meant to replace ftp-uploads to your webserver.

DAV is supported by all major web development tools (newer versions) and is going to be a widely accepted standard for webpublishing.

4.1.2. Download the source

Origin-Site: http://www.webdav.org/mod_dav/

4.1.3. Building and installing

cd /usr/local

tar -xvzf mod_dav-1.0.3-1.3.6.tar.gz
cd mod_dav-1.0.3-1.3.6

./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs

make
make install

	Confusing filename
	The filename mod_dav-1.0.3-1.3.6 suggests that it will only run with Apache 1.3.6 but it actually will run with all Apaches >= 1.3.6

4.2.1. What is auth_ldap

From the authors point of view:

If you like to consolidate your login-facilities to a common user/passwd base, LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) is the right way. LDAP is an open standard and widely supported.

Login-facilities for LDAP:

Unix-Logins for Linux, Solaris (others?) FTP-Logins (some ftp-daemons) http Basic Authentication Tarantella Authentication and Role-Management Samba Authentication (2.2.x should support this) LDAP is role based. That means, i.e. you can define a role »manager« assign a user as member and that user can login wherever a manager is allowed to login.

4.2.2. Download the source

Origin-Site: http://www.rudedog.org/auth_ldap/

4.2.3. Building and installing

cd /usr/local

tar -xvzf auth_ldap-1.6.0.tar.gz

cd auth_ldap-1.6.0

./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \
--with-sdk=openldap

make
make install

4.3.1. What is mod_auth_mysql

It is a http-Basic Authentication Module. It allows to maintain your user comfortable in a MySQL-Database

4.3.2. Download the source

Origin-Site: ftp://ftp.kciLink.com/pub/mod_auth_mysql.c.gz

4.3.3. Building and installing

gunzip mod_auth_mysql.c.gz

/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \
-c -I/usr/local/mysql/include \
-L/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql \
-lmysqlclient -lm mod_auth_mysql.c

cp mod_auth_mysql.so /usr/local/apache/libexec/

Add this line in your httpd.conf:

LoadModule mysql_auth_module libexec/mod_auth_mysql.so

And where the other modules are added:

AddModule mod_auth_mysql.c

Take care that the path of MySQL libraries and includes are correct.

	Library path
	Be sure that /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql is in /etc/ld.so.conf before compiling

4.3.4. Sample configuration

<location /manual/>
  AuthType Basic
  AuthUserfile /dev/null
  AuthName Testing
  AuthGroupFile /dev/null
  AuthMySQLHost localhost
  AuthMySQLCryptedPasswords Off
  AuthMySQLUser root
  AuthMySQLDB users
  AuthMySQLUserTable user_info
  <Limit GET POST>
    require valid-user
  </limit>
</location>

mysql < authmysql.sql

  create database http_users;
  connect http_users;

  CREATE TABLE user_info (
  user_name CHAR(30) NOT NULL,
  user_passwd CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
  user_group CHAR(10),
  PRIMARY KEY (user_name);

4.4.1. What is mod_dynvhost

It is a module that allows to define new Virtual Host "on-the-fly". Just create a new Directory in your vhost-path, thats it. It is not need to restart your Webserver

It is a good solution for Mass-Virtual-hosting for ISP's

4.4.2. Download the source

Origin-Site: http://funkcity.com/0101/projects/dynvhost/mod_dynvhost.tar.gz

4.4.3. Building and installing

cd /usr/local

tar -xvzf mod_dynvhost.tar.gz

cd dynvhost/

/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs -i -a -c mod_dynvhost.c

	Check httpd.conf
	Notice: Take a look at httpd.conf if mod_dynvhost.so is loaded at startup: LoadModule dynvhost_module libexec/mod_dynvhost.so

4.4.4. Sample configuration

<DynamicVirtualHost /usr/local/apache/htdocs/vhosts/> 
  HomeDir / 
</DynamicVirtualHost>

Now create a Directory for each virtualhost in /usr/local/apache/htdocs/vhosts/

i.e.

/usr/local/apache/htdocs/vhosts/foo.bar.org

You don't need to restart your Webserver

4.5.1. What is mod_roaming

From the authors point of view:

Mod_roaming is indeed valuable. Unfortunately it does not work over proxy-connection. You can keep your Netscape 4.x bookmarks etc. synchronized on different machines. It is not supported by any other browsers, including Mozilla and Netscape 6.x.

4.5.2. Download the source

Origin-Site: http://www.klomp.org/mod_roaming/

4.5.3. Building and installing

cd /usr/local 

tar -xvzf mod_roaming-1.0.2.tar.gz

cd mod_roaming-1.0.2

/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs -i -a -c mod_roaming.c

	Check httpd.conf
	Check httpd.conf if mod_roaming is loaded at startup: LoadModule roaming_module libexec/mod_roaming.so

4.5.4. Sample configuration

RoamingAlias /roaming /usr/local/apache/roaming
<Directory /usr/local/apache/roaming>
  AuthUserFile /usr/local/apache/conf/roaming-htpasswd
  AuthType Basic
  AuthName "Roaming Access"
  <Limit GET PUT MOVE DELETE>
    require valid-user
  </Limit>
</Directory>

5.1.1. Download the source

Origin-Site: http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/mod-gzip/mod_gzip-1.3.26.1a.tgz?download

5.1.2. Building and installing

To successfully compile mod_gzip you need to edit the Makefile and provide the correct path to apxs

make
make install

5.1.3. Sample configuration

Put the following in your /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf:

mod_gzip_on                 Yes
mod_gzip_can_negotiate      Yes
mod_gzip_dechunk            Yes
mod_gzip_minimum_file_size  600
mod_gzip_maximum_file_size  0
mod_gzip_maximum_inmem_size 100000
mod_gzip_keep_workfiles     No
mod_gzip_temp_dir           /usr/local/apache/gzip
mod_gzip_item_include       file \.html$
mod_gzip_item_include       file \.txt$
mod_gzip_item_include       file \.jsp$
mod_gzip_item_include       file \.php$
mod_gzip_item_include       file \.pl$
mod_gzip_item_include       mime ^text/.*
mod_gzip_item_include       mime ^application/x-httpd-php
mod_gzip_item_include       mime ^httpd/unix-directory$
mod_gzip_item_include       handler ^perl-script$
mod_gzip_item_include       handler ^server-status$
mod_gzip_item_include       handler ^server-info$
mod_gzip_item_exclude       file \.css$
mod_gzip_item_exclude       file \.js$
mod_gzip_item_exclude       mime ^image/.*

You may whish to log the result of the compression to your accesslog. This can be done by changing the LogFormat directive in /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" mod_gzip: %{mod_gzip_compression_ratio}npct." combined

5.2.1. Download the source

Origin-Site: http://www.oldach.net/mod_gunzip.tar.gz

5.2.2. Building and installing

tar -xvzf mod_gunzip.tar.gz
cd mod_gunzip-2

/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs -i -a -c -lz mod_gunzip.c

5.2.3. Sample configuration

Put the following in your /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf:

AddType text/html .htmz
AddHandler send-gunzipped .htmz

Now you can gzip your html files and rename them to i.e:

gzip index.html
mv index.html.gz index.htmz

Of course you have to change all links to htmz, i.e. <a href="page.htmz">Some page</a>

6.2.1. IMAP client

6.2.2. Download the source

Origin-Site:

Origin-Site: http://www.washington.edu/imap/

6.2.3. Building and installing

cd /usr/local

tar -xvfz imap.tar.Z

cd imap

make slx SSLTYPE=nopwd 

	Filename to download
	imap.tar.Z is usually a symlink to the latest release, today its linked to imap-2001a.tar.Z

6.2.4. PostgreSQL

cd /usr/local

tar -xvzf postgresql-7.3.2.tar.gz

cd postgresql-7.3.2

./configure \
--with-perl \
--enable-odbc \
--with-unixodbc  \
--with-pam \
--with-openssl \


make
make install

echo /usr/local/pgsql/lib >> /etc/ld.so.conf

ldconfig

6.2.5. Sablotron

tar -xvzf Sablot-0.97.tar.gz
cd Sablot-0.97

./configure
make
make install

ldconfig

6.2.6. pdflib

6.2.6.1. What is pdflib

	PDFlib: A library for generating PDF on the fly PDFlib is the premier software component if you want to generate PDF on your server, convert text and graphics, or implement PDF output in your own products.
--www.pdflib.com

From the authors point of view:

	This is a commercial product
	PDFLIB is a commercial Product. Read the license carefully to see if you need a commercial license or not

cd /usr/local/
tar -xvzf pdflib-4.0.3.tar.gz

cd pdflib-4.0.3

./configure --enable-shared-pdflib --enable-cxx

make
make install

ldconfig

6.2.7. gettext

cd /usr/local

tar -xvzf gettext-0.11.2.tar.gz

cd gettext-0.11.2

./configure

make
make check
make install

ldconfig

6.2.8. zlib

cd /usr/local

tar -xvzf zlib-1.1.4.tar.gz

cd zlib-1.1.4/

./configure

make
make test
make install

ldconfig

7.1.1. What is APC

The author made some performance-Tests with apc and it was real surprise. A PHP-Webpage with MySQL-queries in a loop (total 10 queries) was more than 50% faster

Contra APC: If you have other users on the system coding php they maybe are not comfortable with APC, because the changes are all ignored unless you reset the cache or restart Apache. The other way, namely that APC checks the php-script for a newer version before every run costs speed.

7.1.2. Download the source

Origin-Site: http://apc.communityconnect.com/sources/apc-cvs.tar.gz

7.1.3. Building and installing

cd /usr/local

tar -xvzf apc-cvs.tar.gz

cd apc

./configure --enable-apc --with-php-config=/usr/local/bin/php-config

make
make install

cp modules/php_apc.so /usr/local/lib/php/extensions

echo 'zend_extension="/usr/local/lib/php/extensions/php_apc.so"' \
>> /usr/local/lib/php.ini
echo “apc.mode = shm” >> \
apc.mode = shm

Restart your Apache-Webserver. Try it out, create a php-file with the following content:

<?php
apcinfo();
?>

7.2.1. What is Zend-optimizer

Zend-Optimizer is a freeware closed source product. On the same testcode used for the APC-test, there was speed-decrease of about 5% compared to PHP without APC.

You have to make your own test, to see, if you have some improvements with your own code. Be sure not to NOT use Zend Optimizer together with APC, or your whole setup will not work.

7.2.2. Download the binary

Origin-Site: https://www.zend.com/store/free_download.php?pid=13

	Register at zend.com
	You have to register yourself at zend.com to get access to the download-page

7.2.3. Installing

There is noting to build, this product is closed-source and so only available as binary for different platforms. The filename varies according your platform, the sample is for Linux on IA32.

cd /usr/local

tar -xvzf ZendOptimizer-2.1.0-Linux_glibc21-i386.tar.gz
	 
cd ZendOptimizer-2.1.0-Linux_glibc21-i386

./install.sh

The install script is self-explanatory, if you compiled Apache and PHP like described in this document, you can just press ENTER on all questions about the pathnames.

8.2.1. Java2

8.2.2. Download the binaries

Go to http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.3/ [3],choose your platform and follow the steps on the site.

8.2.3. Installing the binaries

Execute the binary:

chmod +x j2sdk-1_3_1_02-linux-i386.bin ./2sdk-1_3_1_02-linux-i386.bin

After accepting the license, unpack the stuff and move the resulting directory to /usr/lib and set an appropriate symbolic link

8.3.1. Installing the binaries

cd /usr/local

tar -xvzf jakarta-tomcat-4.1.8.tar.gz

cd jakarta-tomcat-4.1.8

cd bin

rm *.bat

echo export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/java/ >> /etc/profile
. /etc/profile

To enable the Tomcat manager, you need to modify /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-4.1.8/conf/tomcat-users.xml add a user »admin« or with the role »manager«. The result should look like this:

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<tomcat-users>
  <role rolename="manager"/>
  <role rolename="tomcat"/>
  <role rolename="role1"/>
  <user username="admin" password="secret" roles="manager"/>
  <user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat"/>
  <user username="role1" password="tomcat" roles="role1"/>
  <user username="both" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1"/>
</tomcat-users>

Now you should be able to startup tomcat:

/usr/local/apache/jakarta-tomcat-4.1.8/bin/startup.sh

You should now be able to connect to: http://localhost:8080/index.jsp

8.4.1. Download the source

If you like to have a native interface into your Apache Webserver, you need to build mod_jk with must be downloaded separately here: http://jakarta.apache.org/builds/jakarta-tomcat-4.0/release/v4.1.18/src/jakarta-tomcat-connectors-4.1.18-src.tar.gz.

8.4.2. Building and installing

tar -xvzf jakarta-tomcat-connectors-4.1.18-src.tar.gz

cd jakarta-tomcat-connectors-4.1.18-src/jk/native

./buildconf
./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs

make
make install

8.4.3. Customizing

Now follows the annoying part, the customizing of the config files. First edit /usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-connectors-4.1.18-src/jk/conf/workers.properties, and copy the file to /usr/local/apache/conf

I made a sample workers.properties that works with the example JSPs and servlets that comes with the Tomcat distribution. It is based on the sample workers.properties from Tomcat

workers.tomcat_home=/usr/local/jakarta-tomcat-4.1.18

# workers.java_home should point to your Java installation. Normally
# you should have a bin and lib directories beneath it.
#
workers.java_home=/usr/lib/java2

# You should configure your environment slash... ps=\ on NT and / on UNIX
# and maybe something different elsewhere.
#
ps=/

# The workers that your plugins should create and work with
#
worker.list=worker1

#------ DEFAULT ajp13 WORKER DEFINITION ------------------------------
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Defining a worker named ajp13 and of type ajp13
# Note that the name and the type do not have to match.
#
worker.worker1.port=8009
worker.worker1.host=localhost
worker.worker1.type=ajp13

#------ CLASSPATH DEFINITION -----------------------------------------
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Additional class path components.
#
worker.inprocess.class_path=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)lib$(ps)tomcat.jar

# The JVM that we are about to use
#
# Unix - Sun VM or blackdown
worker.inprocess.jvm_lib=$(workers.java_home)$(ps)jre$(ps)lib$(ps)i386$(ps)classic$(ps)libjvm.so

# Setting the place for the stdout and stderr of tomcat
#
worker.inprocess.stdout=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)logs$(ps)inprocess.stdout
worker.inprocess.stderr=$(workers.tomcat_home)$(ps)logs$(ps)inprocess.stderr

Next, you need to configure your apache config file httpd.conf. The following example matches the examples provided by Tomcat.

LoadModule jk_module libexec/mod_jk.so
AddModule mod_jk.c

JkWorkersFile /usr/local/apache/conf/workers.properties
JkLogFile /var/log/httpd/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel info
JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y] "
JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat -ForwardDirectories
JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T"
JkMount /examples/servlet/* worker1
JkMount /examples/*.jsp worker1 

After restarting Apache, you should now be able to connect to your JSP's via Apache. I.e: http://localhost/examples/jsp/num/numguess.jsp

For the further steps like installing your servlets and jsp-files, you are responsible by yourself...

	Environment Variables
	If Tomcat fails to start and/or your servlets could not be started the most common error made is having not all needed classes in the CLASSPATH variable.

9.2.1. <users@httpd.apache.org>

Send an empty email to <users-subscribe@httpd.apache.org>

Before writing to the list, check out the archive: http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=apache-httpd-users

9.2.2. <modperl@apache.org>

Send an mail to <modperl@apache.org> with the content (not subject):

subscribe modperl

Before writing to the list, check out the archive: http://outside.organic.com/mail-archives/modperl/

9.2.3. <openssl-users@openssl.org>

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